A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i>
Bacteria under the operational group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> (OG<i>Ba</i>) are all Gram-positive, endospore-forming, and rod-shaped. Taxonomically, the OG<i>Ba</i> belongs to the <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> species complex, family Bacillaceae, c...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/3/614 |
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| author | Mohamad Syazwan Ngalimat Radin Shafierul Radin Yahaya Mohamad Malik Al-adil Baharudin Syafiqah Mohd. Yaminudin Murni Karim Siti Aqlima Ahmad Suriana Sabri |
| author_facet | Mohamad Syazwan Ngalimat Radin Shafierul Radin Yahaya Mohamad Malik Al-adil Baharudin Syafiqah Mohd. Yaminudin Murni Karim Siti Aqlima Ahmad Suriana Sabri |
| author_sort | Mohamad Syazwan Ngalimat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bacteria under the operational group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> (OG<i>Ba</i>) are all Gram-positive, endospore-forming, and rod-shaped. Taxonomically, the OG<i>Ba</i> belongs to the <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> species complex, family Bacillaceae, class Bacilli, and phylum Firmicutes. To date, the OG<i>Ba</i> comprises four bacterial species: <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i>, <i>Bacillus siamensis</i>, <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> and <i>Bacillus nakamurai</i>. They are widely distributed in various niches including soil, plants, food, and water. A resurgence in genome mining has caused an increased focus on the biotechnological applications of bacterial species belonging to the OG<i>Ba</i>. The members of OG<i>Ba</i> are known as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) due to their abilities to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and produce siderophore and phytohormones, as well as antimicrobial compounds. Moreover, they are also reported to produce various enzymes including α-amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, aminotransferase, barnase, peroxidase, and laccase. Antimicrobial compounds that able to inhibit the growth of pathogens including non-ribosomal peptides and polyketides are also produced by these bacteria. Within the OG<i>Ba</i>, various <i>B. velezensis</i> strains are promising for use as probiotics for animals and fishes. Genome mining has revealed the potential applications of members of OG<i>Ba</i> for removing organophosphorus (OPs) pesticides. Thus, this review focused on the applicability of members of OG<i>Ba</i> as plant growth promoters, biocontrol agents, probiotics, bioremediation agents, as well as producers of commercial enzymes and antibiotics. Here, the bioformulations and commercial products available based on these bacteria are also highlighted. This review will better facilitate understandings of members of OG<i>Ba</i> and their biotechnological applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:10:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4336b17f44214eea8fd69291d47ca3bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:10:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-4336b17f44214eea8fd69291d47ca3bb2023-11-21T10:47:45ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-03-019361410.3390/microorganisms9030614A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i>Mohamad Syazwan Ngalimat0Radin Shafierul Radin Yahaya1Mohamad Malik Al-adil Baharudin2Syafiqah Mohd. Yaminudin3Murni Karim4Siti Aqlima Ahmad5Suriana Sabri6Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaEnzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaEnzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaEnzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaBacteria under the operational group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> (OG<i>Ba</i>) are all Gram-positive, endospore-forming, and rod-shaped. Taxonomically, the OG<i>Ba</i> belongs to the <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> species complex, family Bacillaceae, class Bacilli, and phylum Firmicutes. To date, the OG<i>Ba</i> comprises four bacterial species: <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i>, <i>Bacillus siamensis</i>, <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> and <i>Bacillus nakamurai</i>. They are widely distributed in various niches including soil, plants, food, and water. A resurgence in genome mining has caused an increased focus on the biotechnological applications of bacterial species belonging to the OG<i>Ba</i>. The members of OG<i>Ba</i> are known as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) due to their abilities to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and produce siderophore and phytohormones, as well as antimicrobial compounds. Moreover, they are also reported to produce various enzymes including α-amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, aminotransferase, barnase, peroxidase, and laccase. Antimicrobial compounds that able to inhibit the growth of pathogens including non-ribosomal peptides and polyketides are also produced by these bacteria. Within the OG<i>Ba</i>, various <i>B. velezensis</i> strains are promising for use as probiotics for animals and fishes. Genome mining has revealed the potential applications of members of OG<i>Ba</i> for removing organophosphorus (OPs) pesticides. Thus, this review focused on the applicability of members of OG<i>Ba</i> as plant growth promoters, biocontrol agents, probiotics, bioremediation agents, as well as producers of commercial enzymes and antibiotics. Here, the bioformulations and commercial products available based on these bacteria are also highlighted. This review will better facilitate understandings of members of OG<i>Ba</i> and their biotechnological applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/3/614plant growth-promoting bacteriabiocontrol agentenzymesantimicrobial compoundsprobioticsbioremediation |
| spellingShingle | Mohamad Syazwan Ngalimat Radin Shafierul Radin Yahaya Mohamad Malik Al-adil Baharudin Syafiqah Mohd. Yaminudin Murni Karim Siti Aqlima Ahmad Suriana Sabri A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> Microorganisms plant growth-promoting bacteria biocontrol agent enzymes antimicrobial compounds probiotics bioremediation |
| title | A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> |
| title_full | A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> |
| title_fullStr | A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> |
| title_short | A Review on the Biotechnological Applications of the Operational Group <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> |
| title_sort | review on the biotechnological applications of the operational group i bacillus amyloliquefaciens i |
| topic | plant growth-promoting bacteria biocontrol agent enzymes antimicrobial compounds probiotics bioremediation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/3/614 |
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