The effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V by EBF3
Ti-6Al-4V alloy is one of the key materials in the aerospace and chemical industries. Additive manufacturing (AM), e.g., electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF ^3 ), is increasingly applied to manufacture the titanium part due to its low cost, high flexibility, high efficiency, etc. At the same tim...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Materials Research Express |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aca508 |
| _version_ | 1797746176393478144 |
|---|---|
| author | Shihao Sun Ning Qian Zhengjun Yao Honghua Su |
| author_facet | Shihao Sun Ning Qian Zhengjun Yao Honghua Su |
| author_sort | Shihao Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ti-6Al-4V alloy is one of the key materials in the aerospace and chemical industries. Additive manufacturing (AM), e.g., electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF ^3 ), is increasingly applied to manufacture the titanium part due to its low cost, high flexibility, high efficiency, etc. At the same time, the wear resistance and hardness of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy synthesized by AM can deteriorate during fabrication. In this paper, electron beam surface remelting (EBSR) is used to improve the wear resistance and hardness of the titanium alloy made by EBF ^3 . The phase, microstructure, element composition, and wear track profile of layers remelted at three EBSR-beam currents were analyzed. According to the results, the synthesized alloy consists of a homogeneous α ′ martensitic structure with numerous embedded nano-scale particles rather than a dual α + β lamellar structure when a rapid cooling rate is applied during EBSR. Simultaneously, the coarser prior- β grain boundary was eliminated in the process. The wear rate of the as-obtained remelted layers at the EBSR-beam currents of 0 (as-deposited), 3, 6, and 9 mA was determined as 7.7 × 10 ^−10 , 5.7 × 10 ^−10 , 7.9 × 10 ^−10 , and 8.9 × 10 ^−10 m ^3 /Nm, respectively. The evolution of the structure accounts for the high hardness and superior wear resistance. EBSR successfully modified the as-deposited microstructure to achieve favorable wear properties, which widens the application potential and extends service life. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:34:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4339448b88224536a06d10614c4a4120 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1591 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:34:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research Express |
| spelling | doaj.art-4339448b88224536a06d10614c4a41202023-08-09T16:18:42ZengIOP PublishingMaterials Research Express2053-15912022-01-0191212650310.1088/2053-1591/aca508The effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V by EBF3Shihao Sun0Ning Qian1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9473-8898Zhengjun Yao2Honghua Su3Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016, People’s Republic of China; JITRI Institute of Precision Manufacturing , Nanjing 211800, People’s Republic of ChinaNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016, People’s Republic of China; JITRI Institute of Precision Manufacturing , Nanjing 211800, People’s Republic of ChinaNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016, People’s Republic of ChinaNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016, People’s Republic of China; JITRI Institute of Precision Manufacturing , Nanjing 211800, People’s Republic of ChinaTi-6Al-4V alloy is one of the key materials in the aerospace and chemical industries. Additive manufacturing (AM), e.g., electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF ^3 ), is increasingly applied to manufacture the titanium part due to its low cost, high flexibility, high efficiency, etc. At the same time, the wear resistance and hardness of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy synthesized by AM can deteriorate during fabrication. In this paper, electron beam surface remelting (EBSR) is used to improve the wear resistance and hardness of the titanium alloy made by EBF ^3 . The phase, microstructure, element composition, and wear track profile of layers remelted at three EBSR-beam currents were analyzed. According to the results, the synthesized alloy consists of a homogeneous α ′ martensitic structure with numerous embedded nano-scale particles rather than a dual α + β lamellar structure when a rapid cooling rate is applied during EBSR. Simultaneously, the coarser prior- β grain boundary was eliminated in the process. The wear rate of the as-obtained remelted layers at the EBSR-beam currents of 0 (as-deposited), 3, 6, and 9 mA was determined as 7.7 × 10 ^−10 , 5.7 × 10 ^−10 , 7.9 × 10 ^−10 , and 8.9 × 10 ^−10 m ^3 /Nm, respectively. The evolution of the structure accounts for the high hardness and superior wear resistance. EBSR successfully modified the as-deposited microstructure to achieve favorable wear properties, which widens the application potential and extends service life.https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aca508electron beam surface remeltingrefinementsurface modificationwear behavior |
| spellingShingle | Shihao Sun Ning Qian Zhengjun Yao Honghua Su The effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V by EBF3 Materials Research Express electron beam surface remelting refinement surface modification wear behavior |
| title | The effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V by EBF3 |
| title_full | The effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V by EBF3 |
| title_fullStr | The effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V by EBF3 |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V by EBF3 |
| title_short | The effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V by EBF3 |
| title_sort | effect of electron beam surface remelting on the wear behavior of ti 6al 4v by ebf3 |
| topic | electron beam surface remelting refinement surface modification wear behavior |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aca508 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shihaosun theeffectofelectronbeamsurfaceremeltingonthewearbehaviorofti6al4vbyebf3 AT ningqian theeffectofelectronbeamsurfaceremeltingonthewearbehaviorofti6al4vbyebf3 AT zhengjunyao theeffectofelectronbeamsurfaceremeltingonthewearbehaviorofti6al4vbyebf3 AT honghuasu theeffectofelectronbeamsurfaceremeltingonthewearbehaviorofti6al4vbyebf3 AT shihaosun effectofelectronbeamsurfaceremeltingonthewearbehaviorofti6al4vbyebf3 AT ningqian effectofelectronbeamsurfaceremeltingonthewearbehaviorofti6al4vbyebf3 AT zhengjunyao effectofelectronbeamsurfaceremeltingonthewearbehaviorofti6al4vbyebf3 AT honghuasu effectofelectronbeamsurfaceremeltingonthewearbehaviorofti6al4vbyebf3 |