Proposed Methodology for Accuracy Improvement of LOD1 3D Building Models Created Based on Stereo Pléiades Satellite Imagery
Three-dimensional city models play an important role for a large number of applications in urban environments, and thus it is of high interest to create them automatically, accurately and in a cost-effective manner. This paper presents a new methodology for point cloud accuracy improvement to genera...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/24/6293 |
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| author | Ana-Ioana Breaban Valeria-Ersilia Oniga Constantin Chirila Ana-Maria Loghin Norbert Pfeifer Mihaela Macovei Alina-Mihaela Nicuta Precul |
| author_facet | Ana-Ioana Breaban Valeria-Ersilia Oniga Constantin Chirila Ana-Maria Loghin Norbert Pfeifer Mihaela Macovei Alina-Mihaela Nicuta Precul |
| author_sort | Ana-Ioana Breaban |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Three-dimensional city models play an important role for a large number of applications in urban environments, and thus it is of high interest to create them automatically, accurately and in a cost-effective manner. This paper presents a new methodology for point cloud accuracy improvement to generate terrain topographic models and 3D building modeling with the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) CityGML standard, level of detail 1 (LOD1), using very high-resolution (VHR) satellite images. In that context, a number of steps are given attention (which are often (in the literature) not considered in detail), including the local geoid and the role of the digital terrain model (DTM) in the dense image matching process. The quality of the resulting models is analyzed thoroughly. For this objective, two stereo Pléiades 1 satellite images over Iasi city were acquired in September 2016, and 142 points were measured in situ by global navigation satellite system real-time kinematic positioning (GNSS-RTK) technology. First, the quasigeoid surface resulting from EGG2008 regional gravimetric model was corrected based on data from GNSS and leveling measurements using a four-parameter transformation, and the ellipsoidal heights of the 142 GNSS-RTK points were corrected based on the local quasigeoid surface. The DTM of the study area was created based on low-resolution airborne laser scanner (LR ALS) point clouds that have been filtered using the robust filter algorithm and a mask for buildings, and the ellipsoidal heights were also corrected with the local quasigeoid surface, resulting in a standard deviation of 37.3 cm for 50 levelling points and 28.1 cm for the 142 GNSS-RTK points. For the point cloud generation, two scenarios were considered: (1) no DTM and ground control points (GCPs) with uncorrected ellipsoidal heights resulting in an RMS difference (Z) for the 64 GCPs and 78 ChPs of 69.8 cm and (2) with LR ALS-DTM and GCPs with corrected ellipsoidal height values resulting in an RMS difference (Z) of 60.9 cm. The LOD1 models of 1550 buildings from the Iasi city center were created based on Pléiades-DSM point clouds (corrected and not corrected) and existing building sub-footprints, with four methods for the derivation of the building roof elevations, resulting in a standard deviation of 1.6 m against high-resolution (HR) ALS point cloud in the case of the best scenario. The proposed method for height extraction and reconstruction of the city structure performed the best compared with other studies on multiple satellite stereo imagery. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:54:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-436297b8ffe344a5a67946181e8478ea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:54:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-436297b8ffe344a5a67946181e8478ea2023-11-24T17:47:18ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-12-011424629310.3390/rs14246293Proposed Methodology for Accuracy Improvement of LOD1 3D Building Models Created Based on Stereo Pléiades Satellite ImageryAna-Ioana Breaban0Valeria-Ersilia Oniga1Constantin Chirila2Ana-Maria Loghin3Norbert Pfeifer4Mihaela Macovei5Alina-Mihaela Nicuta Precul6Department of Terrestrial Measurements and Cadastre, Faculty of Geodesy, Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Teiul Doamnei Street, 023585 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Terrestrial Measurements and Cadastre, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Professor Dimitrie Mangeron Boulevard 67, 700050 Iași, RomaniaDepartment of Terrestrial Measurements and Cadastre, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Professor Dimitrie Mangeron Boulevard 67, 700050 Iași, RomaniaDepartment of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Technische Universität Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Technische Universität Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Terrestrial Measurements and Cadastre, Faculty of Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Professor Dimitrie Mangeron Boulevard 67, 700050 Iași, RomaniaDepartment of Concrete Structures, Building Materials, Technology and Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Professor Dimitrie Mangeron Boulevard 67, 700050 Iași, RomaniaThree-dimensional city models play an important role for a large number of applications in urban environments, and thus it is of high interest to create them automatically, accurately and in a cost-effective manner. This paper presents a new methodology for point cloud accuracy improvement to generate terrain topographic models and 3D building modeling with the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) CityGML standard, level of detail 1 (LOD1), using very high-resolution (VHR) satellite images. In that context, a number of steps are given attention (which are often (in the literature) not considered in detail), including the local geoid and the role of the digital terrain model (DTM) in the dense image matching process. The quality of the resulting models is analyzed thoroughly. For this objective, two stereo Pléiades 1 satellite images over Iasi city were acquired in September 2016, and 142 points were measured in situ by global navigation satellite system real-time kinematic positioning (GNSS-RTK) technology. First, the quasigeoid surface resulting from EGG2008 regional gravimetric model was corrected based on data from GNSS and leveling measurements using a four-parameter transformation, and the ellipsoidal heights of the 142 GNSS-RTK points were corrected based on the local quasigeoid surface. The DTM of the study area was created based on low-resolution airborne laser scanner (LR ALS) point clouds that have been filtered using the robust filter algorithm and a mask for buildings, and the ellipsoidal heights were also corrected with the local quasigeoid surface, resulting in a standard deviation of 37.3 cm for 50 levelling points and 28.1 cm for the 142 GNSS-RTK points. For the point cloud generation, two scenarios were considered: (1) no DTM and ground control points (GCPs) with uncorrected ellipsoidal heights resulting in an RMS difference (Z) for the 64 GCPs and 78 ChPs of 69.8 cm and (2) with LR ALS-DTM and GCPs with corrected ellipsoidal height values resulting in an RMS difference (Z) of 60.9 cm. The LOD1 models of 1550 buildings from the Iasi city center were created based on Pléiades-DSM point clouds (corrected and not corrected) and existing building sub-footprints, with four methods for the derivation of the building roof elevations, resulting in a standard deviation of 1.6 m against high-resolution (HR) ALS point cloud in the case of the best scenario. The proposed method for height extraction and reconstruction of the city structure performed the best compared with other studies on multiple satellite stereo imagery.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/24/6293stereo Pléiades imageslocal quasigeoid3D building modelLOD1urban area |
| spellingShingle | Ana-Ioana Breaban Valeria-Ersilia Oniga Constantin Chirila Ana-Maria Loghin Norbert Pfeifer Mihaela Macovei Alina-Mihaela Nicuta Precul Proposed Methodology for Accuracy Improvement of LOD1 3D Building Models Created Based on Stereo Pléiades Satellite Imagery Remote Sensing stereo Pléiades images local quasigeoid 3D building model LOD1 urban area |
| title | Proposed Methodology for Accuracy Improvement of LOD1 3D Building Models Created Based on Stereo Pléiades Satellite Imagery |
| title_full | Proposed Methodology for Accuracy Improvement of LOD1 3D Building Models Created Based on Stereo Pléiades Satellite Imagery |
| title_fullStr | Proposed Methodology for Accuracy Improvement of LOD1 3D Building Models Created Based on Stereo Pléiades Satellite Imagery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proposed Methodology for Accuracy Improvement of LOD1 3D Building Models Created Based on Stereo Pléiades Satellite Imagery |
| title_short | Proposed Methodology for Accuracy Improvement of LOD1 3D Building Models Created Based on Stereo Pléiades Satellite Imagery |
| title_sort | proposed methodology for accuracy improvement of lod1 3d building models created based on stereo pleiades satellite imagery |
| topic | stereo Pléiades images local quasigeoid 3D building model LOD1 urban area |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/24/6293 |
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