Efficacy of Seed-Biopriming with <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and Foliar Spraying of ZnO-Nanoparticles Induce Cherry Tomato Growth and Resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt Disease
Several microbes that cause plant diseases drastically lower the production of agriculture and jeopardize the safety of the world’s food supply. As a result, sustainable agriculture requires disease management tactics based on modern, eco-friendly techniques as alternatives to various agrochemicals....
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/17/3117 |
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| author | Amany H. M. Shams Amira A. Helaly Abeer M. Algeblawi Eman F. A. Awad-Allah |
| author_facet | Amany H. M. Shams Amira A. Helaly Abeer M. Algeblawi Eman F. A. Awad-Allah |
| author_sort | Amany H. M. Shams |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Several microbes that cause plant diseases drastically lower the production of agriculture and jeopardize the safety of the world’s food supply. As a result, sustainable agriculture requires disease management tactics based on modern, eco-friendly techniques as alternatives to various agrochemicals. The current study aimed to assess the antifungal activity of ZnO-nanoparticles against <i>Fusarium solani</i> in-vitro, and the ability of two antagonistic <i>Trichoderma</i> isolates, <i>Trichoderma viride</i> and <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>, to produce antifungal secondary metabolites and identify them using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and to evaluate the combined effects of foliar spray of ZnO-nanoparticles and bioprimed seeds of cherry tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) with two antagonistic <i>Trichoderma</i> isolates against <i>Fusarium</i> wilt disease caused by <i>Fusarium solani</i> in greenhouse conditions. The results revealed that, in-vitro, the highest concentration of ZnO nanoparticles (3000 ppm) resulted in the greatest decrease in <i>Fusarium solani</i> mycelial growth (90.91% inhibition). The scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the evident distortion in <i>Fusarium solani</i> growing mycelia treated with ZnO-nanoparticles, which might be the source of growth suppression. Additionally, twenty-eight bioactive chemical compounds were isolated and identified from <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. ethyl acetate crude extracts using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. In a greenhouse experiment, the combination of bioprimed cherry tomato plants with <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> and foliar spraying of ZnO-nanoparticles at 3000 ppm was the most effective interaction treatment for reducing disease severity index (23.4%) and improving the vegetative growth parameters, micronutrient contents (Mn, Zn, and Fe in leaves), and chlorophyll content (SPAD unit), as well as stimulating phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity of cherry tomato leaves at 75 days after sowing. In conclusion, the antifungal potential of seed-biopriming with antagonistic <i>Trichoderma</i> isolates and the foliar spraying of ZnO-nanoparticles can boost cherry tomato growth and confer resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> wilt caused by <i>Fusarium solani</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:15:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-436ebaec27f9496489463b4315b71757 |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:15:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-436ebaec27f9496489463b4315b717572023-11-19T08:41:32ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-08-011217311710.3390/plants12173117Efficacy of Seed-Biopriming with <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and Foliar Spraying of ZnO-Nanoparticles Induce Cherry Tomato Growth and Resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt DiseaseAmany H. M. Shams0Amira A. Helaly1Abeer M. Algeblawi2Eman F. A. Awad-Allah3Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptVegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli 13479, LibyaSoil and Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptSeveral microbes that cause plant diseases drastically lower the production of agriculture and jeopardize the safety of the world’s food supply. As a result, sustainable agriculture requires disease management tactics based on modern, eco-friendly techniques as alternatives to various agrochemicals. The current study aimed to assess the antifungal activity of ZnO-nanoparticles against <i>Fusarium solani</i> in-vitro, and the ability of two antagonistic <i>Trichoderma</i> isolates, <i>Trichoderma viride</i> and <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i>, to produce antifungal secondary metabolites and identify them using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and to evaluate the combined effects of foliar spray of ZnO-nanoparticles and bioprimed seeds of cherry tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) with two antagonistic <i>Trichoderma</i> isolates against <i>Fusarium</i> wilt disease caused by <i>Fusarium solani</i> in greenhouse conditions. The results revealed that, in-vitro, the highest concentration of ZnO nanoparticles (3000 ppm) resulted in the greatest decrease in <i>Fusarium solani</i> mycelial growth (90.91% inhibition). The scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the evident distortion in <i>Fusarium solani</i> growing mycelia treated with ZnO-nanoparticles, which might be the source of growth suppression. Additionally, twenty-eight bioactive chemical compounds were isolated and identified from <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. ethyl acetate crude extracts using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. In a greenhouse experiment, the combination of bioprimed cherry tomato plants with <i>Trichoderma harzianum</i> and foliar spraying of ZnO-nanoparticles at 3000 ppm was the most effective interaction treatment for reducing disease severity index (23.4%) and improving the vegetative growth parameters, micronutrient contents (Mn, Zn, and Fe in leaves), and chlorophyll content (SPAD unit), as well as stimulating phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity of cherry tomato leaves at 75 days after sowing. In conclusion, the antifungal potential of seed-biopriming with antagonistic <i>Trichoderma</i> isolates and the foliar spraying of ZnO-nanoparticles can boost cherry tomato growth and confer resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> wilt caused by <i>Fusarium solani</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/17/3117<i>Fusarium solani</i>plant immunityplant nano-nutritionseed-bioprimingsustainabilityvolatilomics |
| spellingShingle | Amany H. M. Shams Amira A. Helaly Abeer M. Algeblawi Eman F. A. Awad-Allah Efficacy of Seed-Biopriming with <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and Foliar Spraying of ZnO-Nanoparticles Induce Cherry Tomato Growth and Resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt Disease Plants <i>Fusarium solani</i> plant immunity plant nano-nutrition seed-biopriming sustainability volatilomics |
| title | Efficacy of Seed-Biopriming with <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and Foliar Spraying of ZnO-Nanoparticles Induce Cherry Tomato Growth and Resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt Disease |
| title_full | Efficacy of Seed-Biopriming with <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and Foliar Spraying of ZnO-Nanoparticles Induce Cherry Tomato Growth and Resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt Disease |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of Seed-Biopriming with <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and Foliar Spraying of ZnO-Nanoparticles Induce Cherry Tomato Growth and Resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Seed-Biopriming with <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and Foliar Spraying of ZnO-Nanoparticles Induce Cherry Tomato Growth and Resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt Disease |
| title_short | Efficacy of Seed-Biopriming with <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and Foliar Spraying of ZnO-Nanoparticles Induce Cherry Tomato Growth and Resistance to <i>Fusarium</i> Wilt Disease |
| title_sort | efficacy of seed biopriming with i trichoderma i spp and foliar spraying of zno nanoparticles induce cherry tomato growth and resistance to i fusarium i wilt disease |
| topic | <i>Fusarium solani</i> plant immunity plant nano-nutrition seed-biopriming sustainability volatilomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/17/3117 |
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