Co-Occurrence of Atmospheric and Oceanic Heatwaves in the Eastern Mediterranean over the Last Four Decades
Heatwaves are now considered one of the main stressors of global warming. As a result of anthropogenic warming, atmospheric and oceanic heatwaves have increased in frequency, intensity and duration in recent decades. These extreme events have recently become a major concern in climate research due t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/7/1841 |
| _version_ | 1797607109182881792 |
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| author | Hassan Aboelkhair Bayoumy Mohamed Mostafa Morsy Hazem Nagy |
| author_facet | Hassan Aboelkhair Bayoumy Mohamed Mostafa Morsy Hazem Nagy |
| author_sort | Hassan Aboelkhair |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heatwaves are now considered one of the main stressors of global warming. As a result of anthropogenic warming, atmospheric and oceanic heatwaves have increased in frequency, intensity and duration in recent decades. These extreme events have recently become a major concern in climate research due to their economic and environmental impacts on ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the co-occurrence and relationship between atmospheric and marine heatwaves (AHW/MHW) in the Eastern Mediterranean (EMED) over the last four decades (1982–2021). Furthermore, the spatio-temporal variability and trends of sea surface temperature (SST), near-surface air temperature (SAT), AHW and MHW characteristics (frequency and duration) were examined. For these objectives, we used daily gridded high-resolution satellite SST data (0.05° × 0.05°) and the fifth generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF-ERA5) atmospheric reanalysis SAT and wind components (0.25° × 0.25°). The results showed an average warming trend of about 0.38 ± 0.08 °C/decade and 0.43 ± 0.05 °C/decade for SAT and SST, respectively. A high statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) correlation (R = 0.90) was found between AHW and MHW frequency. Our results showed that more than half of the MHWs in the EMED co-occurred with AHWs throughout the study period. The most intense summer MHW in 2021, which co-occurred with AHW, was associated with higher positive anomalies of SAT and SST, and a decrease in the wind speed anomaly. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:25:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-43702bc224b6492eaec1a0d8340d1884 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:25:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-43702bc224b6492eaec1a0d8340d18842023-11-17T17:29:44ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-03-01157184110.3390/rs15071841Co-Occurrence of Atmospheric and Oceanic Heatwaves in the Eastern Mediterranean over the Last Four DecadesHassan Aboelkhair0Bayoumy Mohamed1Mostafa Morsy2Hazem Nagy3Department of Geography and Geographical Information Systems, Faculty of Arts, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, EgyptOceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, EgyptAstronomy and Meteorology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, EgyptOceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, EgyptHeatwaves are now considered one of the main stressors of global warming. As a result of anthropogenic warming, atmospheric and oceanic heatwaves have increased in frequency, intensity and duration in recent decades. These extreme events have recently become a major concern in climate research due to their economic and environmental impacts on ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the co-occurrence and relationship between atmospheric and marine heatwaves (AHW/MHW) in the Eastern Mediterranean (EMED) over the last four decades (1982–2021). Furthermore, the spatio-temporal variability and trends of sea surface temperature (SST), near-surface air temperature (SAT), AHW and MHW characteristics (frequency and duration) were examined. For these objectives, we used daily gridded high-resolution satellite SST data (0.05° × 0.05°) and the fifth generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF-ERA5) atmospheric reanalysis SAT and wind components (0.25° × 0.25°). The results showed an average warming trend of about 0.38 ± 0.08 °C/decade and 0.43 ± 0.05 °C/decade for SAT and SST, respectively. A high statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) correlation (R = 0.90) was found between AHW and MHW frequency. Our results showed that more than half of the MHWs in the EMED co-occurred with AHWs throughout the study period. The most intense summer MHW in 2021, which co-occurred with AHW, was associated with higher positive anomalies of SAT and SST, and a decrease in the wind speed anomaly.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/7/1841Eastern Mediterraneanheatwavesextreme eventsco-occurrencetrends |
| spellingShingle | Hassan Aboelkhair Bayoumy Mohamed Mostafa Morsy Hazem Nagy Co-Occurrence of Atmospheric and Oceanic Heatwaves in the Eastern Mediterranean over the Last Four Decades Remote Sensing Eastern Mediterranean heatwaves extreme events co-occurrence trends |
| title | Co-Occurrence of Atmospheric and Oceanic Heatwaves in the Eastern Mediterranean over the Last Four Decades |
| title_full | Co-Occurrence of Atmospheric and Oceanic Heatwaves in the Eastern Mediterranean over the Last Four Decades |
| title_fullStr | Co-Occurrence of Atmospheric and Oceanic Heatwaves in the Eastern Mediterranean over the Last Four Decades |
| title_full_unstemmed | Co-Occurrence of Atmospheric and Oceanic Heatwaves in the Eastern Mediterranean over the Last Four Decades |
| title_short | Co-Occurrence of Atmospheric and Oceanic Heatwaves in the Eastern Mediterranean over the Last Four Decades |
| title_sort | co occurrence of atmospheric and oceanic heatwaves in the eastern mediterranean over the last four decades |
| topic | Eastern Mediterranean heatwaves extreme events co-occurrence trends |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/7/1841 |
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