Partially Overlapping Brain Networks for Singing and Cello Playing
This research uses an MR-Compatible cello to compare functional brain activation during singing and cello playing within the same individuals to determine the extent to which arbitrary auditory-motor associations, like those required to play the cello, co-opt functional brain networks that evolved f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00351/full |
| _version_ | 1819133119252398080 |
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| author | Melanie Segado Melanie Segado Melanie Segado Avrum Hollinger Avrum Hollinger Joseph Thibodeau Joseph Thibodeau Joseph Thibodeau Virginia Penhune Virginia Penhune Virginia Penhune Robert J. Zatorre Robert J. Zatorre Robert J. Zatorre |
| author_facet | Melanie Segado Melanie Segado Melanie Segado Avrum Hollinger Avrum Hollinger Joseph Thibodeau Joseph Thibodeau Joseph Thibodeau Virginia Penhune Virginia Penhune Virginia Penhune Robert J. Zatorre Robert J. Zatorre Robert J. Zatorre |
| author_sort | Melanie Segado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research uses an MR-Compatible cello to compare functional brain activation during singing and cello playing within the same individuals to determine the extent to which arbitrary auditory-motor associations, like those required to play the cello, co-opt functional brain networks that evolved for singing. Musical instrument playing and singing both require highly specific associations between sounds and movements. Because these are both used to produce musical sounds, it is often assumed in the literature that their neural underpinnings are highly similar. However, singing is an evolutionarily old human trait, and the auditory-motor associations used for singing are also used for speech and non-speech vocalizations. This sets it apart from the arbitrary auditory-motor associations required to play musical instruments. The pitch range of the cello is similar to that of the human voice, but cello playing is completely independent of the vocal apparatus, and can therefore be used to dissociate the auditory-vocal network from that of the auditory-motor network. While in the MR-Scanner, 11 expert cellists listened to and subsequently produced individual tones either by singing or cello playing. All participants were able to sing and play the target tones in tune (<50C deviation from target). We found that brain activity during cello playing directly overlaps with brain activity during singing in many areas within the auditory-vocal network. These include primary motor, dorsal pre-motor, and supplementary motor cortices (M1, dPMC, SMA),the primary and periprimary auditory cortices within the superior temporal gyrus (STG) including Heschl's gyrus, anterior insula (aINS), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and Cerebellum but, notably, exclude the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and basal ganglia (Putamen). Second, we found that activity within the overlapping areas is positively correlated with, and therefore likely contributing to, both singing and playing in tune determined with performance measures. Third, we found that activity in auditory areas is functionally connected with activity in dorsal motor and pre-motor areas, and that the connectivity between them is positively correlated with good performance on this task. This functional connectivity suggests that the brain areas are working together to contribute to task performance and not just coincidently active. Last, our findings showed that cello playing may directly co-opt vocal areas (including larynx area of motor cortex), especially if musical training begins before age 7. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T09:42:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-438fc802bffc44d6bdfa84bfaf705dd7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T09:42:13Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-438fc802bffc44d6bdfa84bfaf705dd72022-12-21T18:30:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2018-05-011210.3389/fnins.2018.00351358541Partially Overlapping Brain Networks for Singing and Cello PlayingMelanie Segado0Melanie Segado1Melanie Segado2Avrum Hollinger3Avrum Hollinger4Joseph Thibodeau5Joseph Thibodeau6Joseph Thibodeau7Virginia Penhune8Virginia Penhune9Virginia Penhune10Robert J. Zatorre11Robert J. Zatorre12Robert J. Zatorre13Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, CanadaBRAMS International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research, Montreal, QC, CanadaCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology, Montreal, QC, CanadaMontreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, CanadaCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology, Montreal, QC, CanadaBRAMS International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research, Montreal, QC, CanadaCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, CanadaBRAMS International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research, Montreal, QC, CanadaCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, CanadaMontreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, CanadaBRAMS International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research, Montreal, QC, CanadaCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology, Montreal, QC, CanadaThis research uses an MR-Compatible cello to compare functional brain activation during singing and cello playing within the same individuals to determine the extent to which arbitrary auditory-motor associations, like those required to play the cello, co-opt functional brain networks that evolved for singing. Musical instrument playing and singing both require highly specific associations between sounds and movements. Because these are both used to produce musical sounds, it is often assumed in the literature that their neural underpinnings are highly similar. However, singing is an evolutionarily old human trait, and the auditory-motor associations used for singing are also used for speech and non-speech vocalizations. This sets it apart from the arbitrary auditory-motor associations required to play musical instruments. The pitch range of the cello is similar to that of the human voice, but cello playing is completely independent of the vocal apparatus, and can therefore be used to dissociate the auditory-vocal network from that of the auditory-motor network. While in the MR-Scanner, 11 expert cellists listened to and subsequently produced individual tones either by singing or cello playing. All participants were able to sing and play the target tones in tune (<50C deviation from target). We found that brain activity during cello playing directly overlaps with brain activity during singing in many areas within the auditory-vocal network. These include primary motor, dorsal pre-motor, and supplementary motor cortices (M1, dPMC, SMA),the primary and periprimary auditory cortices within the superior temporal gyrus (STG) including Heschl's gyrus, anterior insula (aINS), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and Cerebellum but, notably, exclude the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and basal ganglia (Putamen). Second, we found that activity within the overlapping areas is positively correlated with, and therefore likely contributing to, both singing and playing in tune determined with performance measures. Third, we found that activity in auditory areas is functionally connected with activity in dorsal motor and pre-motor areas, and that the connectivity between them is positively correlated with good performance on this task. This functional connectivity suggests that the brain areas are working together to contribute to task performance and not just coincidently active. Last, our findings showed that cello playing may directly co-opt vocal areas (including larynx area of motor cortex), especially if musical training begins before age 7.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00351/fullauditory-motor integrationsingingcello playingfMRIauditory-vocal integrationlarynx motor representation |
| spellingShingle | Melanie Segado Melanie Segado Melanie Segado Avrum Hollinger Avrum Hollinger Joseph Thibodeau Joseph Thibodeau Joseph Thibodeau Virginia Penhune Virginia Penhune Virginia Penhune Robert J. Zatorre Robert J. Zatorre Robert J. Zatorre Partially Overlapping Brain Networks for Singing and Cello Playing Frontiers in Neuroscience auditory-motor integration singing cello playing fMRI auditory-vocal integration larynx motor representation |
| title | Partially Overlapping Brain Networks for Singing and Cello Playing |
| title_full | Partially Overlapping Brain Networks for Singing and Cello Playing |
| title_fullStr | Partially Overlapping Brain Networks for Singing and Cello Playing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Partially Overlapping Brain Networks for Singing and Cello Playing |
| title_short | Partially Overlapping Brain Networks for Singing and Cello Playing |
| title_sort | partially overlapping brain networks for singing and cello playing |
| topic | auditory-motor integration singing cello playing fMRI auditory-vocal integration larynx motor representation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00351/full |
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