An Updated Modular Set of Synthetic Spectral Energy Distributions for Young Stellar Objects
Measured properties of young stellar objects (YSOs) are key tools for research into pre-main-sequence stellar evolution. YSO properties are commonly measured by comparing observed radiation to existing grids of template YSO spectral energy distributions (SEDs) calculated by radiative transfer. These...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad072d |
| _version_ | 1797346794048323584 |
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| author | Theo Richardson Adam Ginsburg Rémy Indebetouw Thomas P. Robitaille |
| author_facet | Theo Richardson Adam Ginsburg Rémy Indebetouw Thomas P. Robitaille |
| author_sort | Theo Richardson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Measured properties of young stellar objects (YSOs) are key tools for research into pre-main-sequence stellar evolution. YSO properties are commonly measured by comparing observed radiation to existing grids of template YSO spectral energy distributions (SEDs) calculated by radiative transfer. These grids are often sampled and constructed using simple models of mass assembly/accretion over time. However, because we do not yet have a complete theory of star formation, the choice of model sets the tracked parameters and range of allowed values. By construction, then, the assumed model limits the measurements that can be made using the grid. Radiative transfer models not constrained by specific accretion histories would enable assessment of a wider range of theories. We present an updated version of the Robitaille set (2017) of YSO SEDs, a collection of models with no assumed evolutionary theory. We outline our newly calculated properties: envelope mass, weighted-average dust temperature, disk stability, and circumstellar A _V . We also convolve the SEDs with new filters, including JWST, and provide users the ability to perform additional convolutions. We find a correlation between the average temperature and millimeter-wavelength brightness of optically thin dust in our models and discuss its ramifications for mass measurements of pre- and protostellar cores. We also compare the positions of YSOs of different observational classes and evolutionary stages in IR color space and use our models to quantify the extent to which class and stage may be confused due to observational effects. Our updated models are released to the public. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:38:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-43a3e665847d47fa8ff3aa3546e07101 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:38:09Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-43a3e665847d47fa8ff3aa3546e071012024-01-25T11:21:17ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-01961218810.3847/1538-4357/ad072dAn Updated Modular Set of Synthetic Spectral Energy Distributions for Young Stellar ObjectsTheo Richardson0https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8880-6951Adam Ginsburg1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6431-9633Rémy Indebetouw2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4663-6827Thomas P. Robitaille3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8642-1329Department of Astronomy, University of Florida , P.O. Box 112055, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA ; terichard57@gmail.comDepartment of Astronomy, University of Florida , P.O. Box 112055, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA ; terichard57@gmail.comNational Radio Astronomy Observatory , 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA ; rindebet@nrao.edu, remy@virginia.edu; Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia , P.O. Box 3818, Charlottesville, VA 22903-0818, USAAperio Software , Insight House, Riverside Business Park, Stoney Common Road, Stansted, CM24 8PL, UK ; thomas.robitaille@gmail.comMeasured properties of young stellar objects (YSOs) are key tools for research into pre-main-sequence stellar evolution. YSO properties are commonly measured by comparing observed radiation to existing grids of template YSO spectral energy distributions (SEDs) calculated by radiative transfer. These grids are often sampled and constructed using simple models of mass assembly/accretion over time. However, because we do not yet have a complete theory of star formation, the choice of model sets the tracked parameters and range of allowed values. By construction, then, the assumed model limits the measurements that can be made using the grid. Radiative transfer models not constrained by specific accretion histories would enable assessment of a wider range of theories. We present an updated version of the Robitaille set (2017) of YSO SEDs, a collection of models with no assumed evolutionary theory. We outline our newly calculated properties: envelope mass, weighted-average dust temperature, disk stability, and circumstellar A _V . We also convolve the SEDs with new filters, including JWST, and provide users the ability to perform additional convolutions. We find a correlation between the average temperature and millimeter-wavelength brightness of optically thin dust in our models and discuss its ramifications for mass measurements of pre- and protostellar cores. We also compare the positions of YSOs of different observational classes and evolutionary stages in IR color space and use our models to quantify the extent to which class and stage may be confused due to observational effects. Our updated models are released to the public.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad072dAstronomy databasesProtostarsStar formationRadiative transfer |
| spellingShingle | Theo Richardson Adam Ginsburg Rémy Indebetouw Thomas P. Robitaille An Updated Modular Set of Synthetic Spectral Energy Distributions for Young Stellar Objects The Astrophysical Journal Astronomy databases Protostars Star formation Radiative transfer |
| title | An Updated Modular Set of Synthetic Spectral Energy Distributions for Young Stellar Objects |
| title_full | An Updated Modular Set of Synthetic Spectral Energy Distributions for Young Stellar Objects |
| title_fullStr | An Updated Modular Set of Synthetic Spectral Energy Distributions for Young Stellar Objects |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Updated Modular Set of Synthetic Spectral Energy Distributions for Young Stellar Objects |
| title_short | An Updated Modular Set of Synthetic Spectral Energy Distributions for Young Stellar Objects |
| title_sort | updated modular set of synthetic spectral energy distributions for young stellar objects |
| topic | Astronomy databases Protostars Star formation Radiative transfer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad072d |
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