TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalysis for the Transformation of Aromatic Water Pollutants into Fuels
The growing world energy consumption, with reliance on conventional energy sources and the associated environmental pollution, are considered the most serious threats faced by mankind. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has become one of the most frequently investigated technologies, due to its dual funct...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/3/317 |
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| author | Osama Al-Madanat Yamen AlSalka Wegdan Ramadan Detlef W. Bahnemann |
| author_facet | Osama Al-Madanat Yamen AlSalka Wegdan Ramadan Detlef W. Bahnemann |
| author_sort | Osama Al-Madanat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The growing world energy consumption, with reliance on conventional energy sources and the associated environmental pollution, are considered the most serious threats faced by mankind. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has become one of the most frequently investigated technologies, due to its dual functionality, i.e., environmental remediation and converting solar energy into chemical energy, especially molecular hydrogen. H<sub>2</sub> burns cleanly and has the highest gravimetric gross calorific value among all fuels. However, the use of a suitable electron donor, in what so-called “photocatalytic reforming”, is required to achieve acceptable efficiency. This oxidation half-reaction can be exploited to oxidize the dissolved organic pollutants, thus, simultaneously improving the water quality. Such pollutants would replace other potentially costly electron donors, achieving the dual-functionality purpose. Since the aromatic compounds are widely spread in the environment, they are considered attractive targets to apply this technology. In this review, different aspects are highlighted, including the employing of different polymorphs of pristine titanium dioxide as photocatalysts in the photocatalytic processes, also improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO<sub>2</sub> by loading different types of metal co-catalysts, especially platinum nanoparticles, and comparing the effect of various loading methods of such metal co-catalysts. Finally, the photocatalytic reforming of aromatic compounds employing TiO<sub>2</sub>-based semiconductors is presented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:12:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-43ae2365871b48df9389bad95713b3ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:12:30Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-43ae2365871b48df9389bad95713b3ec2023-12-03T11:56:23ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442021-02-0111331710.3390/catal11030317TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalysis for the Transformation of Aromatic Water Pollutants into FuelsOsama Al-Madanat0Yamen AlSalka1Wegdan Ramadan2Detlef W. Bahnemann3Institut für Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callin str. 3, 30167 Hannover, GermanyInstitut für Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callin str. 3, 30167 Hannover, GermanyFaculty of Science, Physics Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, EgyptInstitut für Technische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callin str. 3, 30167 Hannover, GermanyThe growing world energy consumption, with reliance on conventional energy sources and the associated environmental pollution, are considered the most serious threats faced by mankind. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has become one of the most frequently investigated technologies, due to its dual functionality, i.e., environmental remediation and converting solar energy into chemical energy, especially molecular hydrogen. H<sub>2</sub> burns cleanly and has the highest gravimetric gross calorific value among all fuels. However, the use of a suitable electron donor, in what so-called “photocatalytic reforming”, is required to achieve acceptable efficiency. This oxidation half-reaction can be exploited to oxidize the dissolved organic pollutants, thus, simultaneously improving the water quality. Such pollutants would replace other potentially costly electron donors, achieving the dual-functionality purpose. Since the aromatic compounds are widely spread in the environment, they are considered attractive targets to apply this technology. In this review, different aspects are highlighted, including the employing of different polymorphs of pristine titanium dioxide as photocatalysts in the photocatalytic processes, also improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO<sub>2</sub> by loading different types of metal co-catalysts, especially platinum nanoparticles, and comparing the effect of various loading methods of such metal co-catalysts. Finally, the photocatalytic reforming of aromatic compounds employing TiO<sub>2</sub>-based semiconductors is presented.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/3/317TiO<sub>2</sub>aromatic compoundPAHsH<sub>2</sub> productionphotocatalytic reformingwater remediation |
| spellingShingle | Osama Al-Madanat Yamen AlSalka Wegdan Ramadan Detlef W. Bahnemann TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalysis for the Transformation of Aromatic Water Pollutants into Fuels Catalysts TiO<sub>2</sub> aromatic compound PAHs H<sub>2</sub> production photocatalytic reforming water remediation |
| title | TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalysis for the Transformation of Aromatic Water Pollutants into Fuels |
| title_full | TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalysis for the Transformation of Aromatic Water Pollutants into Fuels |
| title_fullStr | TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalysis for the Transformation of Aromatic Water Pollutants into Fuels |
| title_full_unstemmed | TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalysis for the Transformation of Aromatic Water Pollutants into Fuels |
| title_short | TiO<sub>2</sub> Photocatalysis for the Transformation of Aromatic Water Pollutants into Fuels |
| title_sort | tio sub 2 sub photocatalysis for the transformation of aromatic water pollutants into fuels |
| topic | TiO<sub>2</sub> aromatic compound PAHs H<sub>2</sub> production photocatalytic reforming water remediation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/3/317 |
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