High accumulation of γ-linolenic acid and Stearidonic acid in transgenic Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) seeds
Abstract Background Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) are abundant in vegetable oils and are important for human health. In the body, LA and ALA are respectively converted to the omega-6 fatty acid γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and the omega-3 fatty acid stea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12870-019-1713-2 |
| _version_ | 1819016903181467648 |
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| author | Kyeong-Ryeol Lee Kyung-Hwan Kim Jung Bong Kim Seung-Bum Hong Inhwa Jeon Hyun Uk Kim Myung Hee Lee Jae Kwang Kim |
| author_facet | Kyeong-Ryeol Lee Kyung-Hwan Kim Jung Bong Kim Seung-Bum Hong Inhwa Jeon Hyun Uk Kim Myung Hee Lee Jae Kwang Kim |
| author_sort | Kyeong-Ryeol Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) are abundant in vegetable oils and are important for human health. In the body, LA and ALA are respectively converted to the omega-6 fatty acid γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and the omega-3 fatty acid stearidonic acid (SDA) by Δ6 desaturase (D6DES). Currently, dietary GLA and SDA are mainly obtained from marine organisms, but given their benefits to human health, many studies have aimed to enhance their accumulation in transgenic crops. Perilla frutescens (perilla) accumulates more ALA in its seed oil compared to other oilseed crops, making it a good candidate for the production of fatty acids via the fatty acid desaturase D6DES. Results In this study, we cloned the D6DES gene from Phytophthora citrophthora and confirmed its function in budding yeast. We then transformed the functional D6DES gene under the control of the seed-specific vicilin promoter into the perilla cultivar Yeobsil. The resulting transgenic perilla seeds accumulated significant levels of GLA and SDA, as well as putative C18:2Δ6,9 at minor levels. Developing seeds and leaves also accumulated GLA and SDA, although PcD6DES expression and GLA and SDA levels were much lower in leaves compared to developing seeds. GLA and SDA accumulated in both polar lipids and neutral lipids in mature perilla seeds expressing PcD6DES, especially in neutral lipids. Although the seed weight in PcD6DES perilla was 87–96% that of wild type, the total oil content per seed weight was similar between lines. The PcD6DES perilla plants contained very high content (over 45%) of both GLA and SDA in seed oil. Conclusions Thus, PcD6DES perilla plants may represent a feasible alternative to traditional marine sources for the production of omega-3 oil capsules and to evening primrose seed oil for GLA as health food. In addition, these plants can be used to create other transgenic lines harboring additional genes to produce other desirable fish-oil like oils. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T02:55:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-43b238ee37c7412baf534a9361bd5850 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T02:55:01Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-43b238ee37c7412baf534a9361bd58502022-12-21T19:18:20ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292019-04-0119111510.1186/s12870-019-1713-2High accumulation of γ-linolenic acid and Stearidonic acid in transgenic Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) seedsKyeong-Ryeol Lee0Kyung-Hwan Kim1Jung Bong Kim2Seung-Bum Hong3Inhwa Jeon4Hyun Uk Kim5Myung Hee Lee6Jae Kwang Kim7Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDADepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDADepartment of Agro-food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDADepartment of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDADepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, RDADepartment of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong UniversityDepartment of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop ScienceDivision of Life Sciences, Incheon National UniversityAbstract Background Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) are abundant in vegetable oils and are important for human health. In the body, LA and ALA are respectively converted to the omega-6 fatty acid γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and the omega-3 fatty acid stearidonic acid (SDA) by Δ6 desaturase (D6DES). Currently, dietary GLA and SDA are mainly obtained from marine organisms, but given their benefits to human health, many studies have aimed to enhance their accumulation in transgenic crops. Perilla frutescens (perilla) accumulates more ALA in its seed oil compared to other oilseed crops, making it a good candidate for the production of fatty acids via the fatty acid desaturase D6DES. Results In this study, we cloned the D6DES gene from Phytophthora citrophthora and confirmed its function in budding yeast. We then transformed the functional D6DES gene under the control of the seed-specific vicilin promoter into the perilla cultivar Yeobsil. The resulting transgenic perilla seeds accumulated significant levels of GLA and SDA, as well as putative C18:2Δ6,9 at minor levels. Developing seeds and leaves also accumulated GLA and SDA, although PcD6DES expression and GLA and SDA levels were much lower in leaves compared to developing seeds. GLA and SDA accumulated in both polar lipids and neutral lipids in mature perilla seeds expressing PcD6DES, especially in neutral lipids. Although the seed weight in PcD6DES perilla was 87–96% that of wild type, the total oil content per seed weight was similar between lines. The PcD6DES perilla plants contained very high content (over 45%) of both GLA and SDA in seed oil. Conclusions Thus, PcD6DES perilla plants may represent a feasible alternative to traditional marine sources for the production of omega-3 oil capsules and to evening primrose seed oil for GLA as health food. In addition, these plants can be used to create other transgenic lines harboring additional genes to produce other desirable fish-oil like oils.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12870-019-1713-2Delta 6 desaturaseγ-Linolenic acidStearidonic acidPerillaPhytophthora citrophthora |
| spellingShingle | Kyeong-Ryeol Lee Kyung-Hwan Kim Jung Bong Kim Seung-Bum Hong Inhwa Jeon Hyun Uk Kim Myung Hee Lee Jae Kwang Kim High accumulation of γ-linolenic acid and Stearidonic acid in transgenic Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) seeds BMC Plant Biology Delta 6 desaturase γ-Linolenic acid Stearidonic acid Perilla Phytophthora citrophthora |
| title | High accumulation of γ-linolenic acid and Stearidonic acid in transgenic Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) seeds |
| title_full | High accumulation of γ-linolenic acid and Stearidonic acid in transgenic Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) seeds |
| title_fullStr | High accumulation of γ-linolenic acid and Stearidonic acid in transgenic Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) seeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | High accumulation of γ-linolenic acid and Stearidonic acid in transgenic Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) seeds |
| title_short | High accumulation of γ-linolenic acid and Stearidonic acid in transgenic Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) seeds |
| title_sort | high accumulation of γ linolenic acid and stearidonic acid in transgenic perilla perilla frutescens var frutescens seeds |
| topic | Delta 6 desaturase γ-Linolenic acid Stearidonic acid Perilla Phytophthora citrophthora |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12870-019-1713-2 |
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