Oral miltefosine treatment in children with visceral leishmaniasis: a brief review
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar is an infection disease caused by hemiflagellate protozoan parasites (Leishmania donovani) and transmitted to humans by the phlebotomine sandfly. Leishmaniasis is distributed worldwide and 13 million people are estimated to be infected, with about 1.8 million...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000100002&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1818962852982030336 |
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| author | Emilio Palumbo |
| author_facet | Emilio Palumbo |
| author_sort | Emilio Palumbo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar is an infection disease caused by hemiflagellate protozoan parasites (Leishmania donovani) and transmitted to humans by the phlebotomine sandfly. Leishmaniasis is distributed worldwide and 13 million people are estimated to be infected, with about 1.8 million new cases each year. All antileishmanial drugs are toxic and most have to be used parenterally for prolonged period. The therapy has been further complicated by large number of infected children and declining effectiveness of pentavalent antimonial compounds. Although the lipid formulations of amphotericin B are an important advance in therapy, their high cost precludes their use. Miltefosine, a phosphocholine analogue originally developed as antimalignant drug, has been found to be highly active against Leishmania in vitro and in animal model. Based on these experiences this drug was tried against human visceral leishmaniasis and found to be highly effective in children. The aim of this review is to evidence the pharmacodymamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics and the safety, tolerance and efficacy of this drug for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in children. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T12:35:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-43bcc2a311574e7abc21d7bb01b2e21c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-4391 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T12:35:55Z |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-43bcc2a311574e7abc21d7bb01b2e21c2022-12-21T19:40:37ZengElsevierBrazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases1678-43911212410.1590/S1413-86702008000100002S1413-86702008000100002Oral miltefosine treatment in children with visceral leishmaniasis: a brief reviewEmilio Palumbo0Hospital of SondrioVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar is an infection disease caused by hemiflagellate protozoan parasites (Leishmania donovani) and transmitted to humans by the phlebotomine sandfly. Leishmaniasis is distributed worldwide and 13 million people are estimated to be infected, with about 1.8 million new cases each year. All antileishmanial drugs are toxic and most have to be used parenterally for prolonged period. The therapy has been further complicated by large number of infected children and declining effectiveness of pentavalent antimonial compounds. Although the lipid formulations of amphotericin B are an important advance in therapy, their high cost precludes their use. Miltefosine, a phosphocholine analogue originally developed as antimalignant drug, has been found to be highly active against Leishmania in vitro and in animal model. Based on these experiences this drug was tried against human visceral leishmaniasis and found to be highly effective in children. The aim of this review is to evidence the pharmacodymamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics and the safety, tolerance and efficacy of this drug for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in children.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000100002&lng=en&tlng=enMiltefosinetreatmentchildrenLeishmaniasis |
| spellingShingle | Emilio Palumbo Oral miltefosine treatment in children with visceral leishmaniasis: a brief review Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases Miltefosine treatment children Leishmaniasis |
| title | Oral miltefosine treatment in children with visceral leishmaniasis: a brief review |
| title_full | Oral miltefosine treatment in children with visceral leishmaniasis: a brief review |
| title_fullStr | Oral miltefosine treatment in children with visceral leishmaniasis: a brief review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oral miltefosine treatment in children with visceral leishmaniasis: a brief review |
| title_short | Oral miltefosine treatment in children with visceral leishmaniasis: a brief review |
| title_sort | oral miltefosine treatment in children with visceral leishmaniasis a brief review |
| topic | Miltefosine treatment children Leishmaniasis |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000100002&lng=en&tlng=en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT emiliopalumbo oralmiltefosinetreatmentinchildrenwithvisceralleishmaniasisabriefreview |