| Summary: | Stating that no philosophical issue is more discouraging than misstatement of the problem of evil in theory, Josiah Royce focused his attention on the problem of evil in accordance with the overall trend of philosophy in the 18th and 19th centuries. The most striking characteristic of Royce‟s approach to problem of evil is that he considered a loyalty-based moral perception to overcome this problem. Approaching the problem of evil through an existentialist perspective rather than a rational point of view and underlining that the problem of evil can only be addressed responsibly through experiencing it in practice, Royce emphasized a collective will and responsibility, which for Royce needs to be produced through loyalty, in fighting the evil
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