Estimating nearshore infragravity wave conditions at large spatial scales
Infragravity waves may contribute significantly to coastal flooding, especially during storm conditions. However, in many national and continental to global assessments of coastal flood risk, their contribution is not accounted for, mostly because of the high computational expense of traditional wav...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1355095/full |
| _version_ | 1827319185502371840 |
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| author | Tim W. B. Leijnse Tim W. B. Leijnse Maarten van Ormondt Ap van Dongeren Ap van Dongeren Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts Sanne Muis Sanne Muis |
| author_facet | Tim W. B. Leijnse Tim W. B. Leijnse Maarten van Ormondt Ap van Dongeren Ap van Dongeren Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts Sanne Muis Sanne Muis |
| author_sort | Tim W. B. Leijnse |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infragravity waves may contribute significantly to coastal flooding, especially during storm conditions. However, in many national and continental to global assessments of coastal flood risk, their contribution is not accounted for, mostly because of the high computational expense of traditional wave-resolving numerical models. In this study, we present an efficient stationary wave energy solver to estimate the evolution of incident and infragravity waves from offshore to the nearshore for large spatial scales. This solver can be subsequently used to provide nearshore wave boundary conditions for overland flood models. The new wave solver builds upon the stationary wave energy balance for incident wave energy and extends it to include the infragravity wave energy balance. To describe the energy transfer from incident to infragravity waves, an infragravity wave source term is introduced. This term acts as a sink term for incident waves and as a complementary source term for infragravity waves. The source term is simplified using a parameterized infragravity wave shoaling parameter. An empirical relation is derived using observed values of the shoaling parameter from a synthetic dataset of XBeach simulations, covering a wide range of wave conditions and beach profiles. The wave shoaling parameter is related to the local bed slope and relative wave height. As validation, we show for a range of cases from synthetic beach profiles to laboratory tests that infragravity wave transformation can be estimated using this wave solver with reasonable to good accuracy. Additionally, the validity in real-world conditions is verified successfully for DELILAH field case observations at Duck, NC, USA. We demonstrate the wave solver for a large-scale application of the full Outer Banks coastline in the US, covering 450 km of coastline, from deep water up to the coast. For this model, consisting of 4.5 million grid cells, the wave solver can estimate the stationary incident and infragravity wave field in a matter of seconds for the entire domain on a regular laptop PC. This computational efficiency cannot be provided by existing process-based wave-resolving models. Using the presented method, infragravity wave-driven flooding can be incorporated into large-scale coastal compound flood models and risk assessments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:16:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-43c7efc7a2be46f9ad1cae9f7e07c33e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:16:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-43c7efc7a2be46f9ad1cae9f7e07c33e2024-03-13T04:33:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452024-03-011110.3389/fmars.2024.13550951355095Estimating nearshore infragravity wave conditions at large spatial scalesTim W. B. Leijnse0Tim W. B. Leijnse1Maarten van Ormondt2Ap van Dongeren3Ap van Dongeren4Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts5Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts6Sanne Muis7Sanne Muis8Department of Water and Climate Risk, Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsMarine and Coastal Systems, Deltares, Delft, NetherlandsDeltares USA, Silver Spring, MD, United StatesMarine and Coastal Systems, Deltares, Delft, NetherlandsCoastal and Urban Risk and Resilience, Water Science and Engineering Department, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Delft, NetherlandsDepartment of Water and Climate Risk, Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsMarine and Coastal Systems, Deltares, Delft, NetherlandsDepartment of Water and Climate Risk, Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsMarine and Coastal Systems, Deltares, Delft, NetherlandsInfragravity waves may contribute significantly to coastal flooding, especially during storm conditions. However, in many national and continental to global assessments of coastal flood risk, their contribution is not accounted for, mostly because of the high computational expense of traditional wave-resolving numerical models. In this study, we present an efficient stationary wave energy solver to estimate the evolution of incident and infragravity waves from offshore to the nearshore for large spatial scales. This solver can be subsequently used to provide nearshore wave boundary conditions for overland flood models. The new wave solver builds upon the stationary wave energy balance for incident wave energy and extends it to include the infragravity wave energy balance. To describe the energy transfer from incident to infragravity waves, an infragravity wave source term is introduced. This term acts as a sink term for incident waves and as a complementary source term for infragravity waves. The source term is simplified using a parameterized infragravity wave shoaling parameter. An empirical relation is derived using observed values of the shoaling parameter from a synthetic dataset of XBeach simulations, covering a wide range of wave conditions and beach profiles. The wave shoaling parameter is related to the local bed slope and relative wave height. As validation, we show for a range of cases from synthetic beach profiles to laboratory tests that infragravity wave transformation can be estimated using this wave solver with reasonable to good accuracy. Additionally, the validity in real-world conditions is verified successfully for DELILAH field case observations at Duck, NC, USA. We demonstrate the wave solver for a large-scale application of the full Outer Banks coastline in the US, covering 450 km of coastline, from deep water up to the coast. For this model, consisting of 4.5 million grid cells, the wave solver can estimate the stationary incident and infragravity wave field in a matter of seconds for the entire domain on a regular laptop PC. This computational efficiency cannot be provided by existing process-based wave-resolving models. Using the presented method, infragravity wave-driven flooding can be incorporated into large-scale coastal compound flood models and risk assessments.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1355095/fullinfragravity wavesnearshore wave conditionswave modelingcomputational efficiencybeachesextreme events |
| spellingShingle | Tim W. B. Leijnse Tim W. B. Leijnse Maarten van Ormondt Ap van Dongeren Ap van Dongeren Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts Sanne Muis Sanne Muis Estimating nearshore infragravity wave conditions at large spatial scales Frontiers in Marine Science infragravity waves nearshore wave conditions wave modeling computational efficiency beaches extreme events |
| title | Estimating nearshore infragravity wave conditions at large spatial scales |
| title_full | Estimating nearshore infragravity wave conditions at large spatial scales |
| title_fullStr | Estimating nearshore infragravity wave conditions at large spatial scales |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimating nearshore infragravity wave conditions at large spatial scales |
| title_short | Estimating nearshore infragravity wave conditions at large spatial scales |
| title_sort | estimating nearshore infragravity wave conditions at large spatial scales |
| topic | infragravity waves nearshore wave conditions wave modeling computational efficiency beaches extreme events |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1355095/full |
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