| Summary: | In this study, the fermentation mash of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and Matheran from Linfen, Shanxi Province, was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform to analyze the structural diversity of fungal communities in different samples. The results showed that a total of 10 phyla, 125 families, and 187 genera were detected in the nine samples of this study. The main fungal phyla were <i>Ascomycota, Basidiomycota,</i> and <i>Mortierellomycota.</i> The main fungal genera are <i>Hanseniaspora, Mortierella, Sclerotinia, Aureobasidium, Saccharomyces, Aspergillus, Clavulina,</i> <i>Candida</i>, etc. <i>Hanseniaspora</i> was the dominant genus in the pre-fermentation stage, accounting for more than 70%; <i>Saccharomyces</i> was the dominant genus in the middle and late fermentation stage, accounting for more than 75% in the middle fermentation stage and up to 90% in the late fermentation stage. This study provides a theoretical basis for monitoring and optimizing winemaking processes and introducing wine grape varieties in the Linfen region of Shanxi.
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