Suitability of Highly Polymerised Polyaluminium Chlorides (PACls) in the Treatment of Mixture of Groundwater and Surface Water
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the coagulation process using highly polymerised polyaluminium chlorides in reducing the level of pollution of water in a mixture of groundwater and surface water. The coagulants used were prehydrolysed polyaluminium chlorides with the trade...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/468 |
| _version_ | 1797438371590569984 |
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| author | Izabela Krupińska |
| author_facet | Izabela Krupińska |
| author_sort | Izabela Krupińska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the coagulation process using highly polymerised polyaluminium chlorides in reducing the level of pollution of water in a mixture of groundwater and surface water. The coagulants used were prehydrolysed polyaluminium chlorides with the trade names PAXHP908 and PAXXL1911 that had alkalinity 85% and different iron contents (<0.01% and 0.7%). The Al species distribution in the PACls (PAXXL1911 ad PAXHP908) samples were analysed by the Ferron complexation timed spectrophotometry. The content of polymer forms of aluminium (Al<sub>b</sub>) in the tested coagulants was 40%. The worse results in the removal of organic matter (TOC, DOC, UV<sub>254</sub>), iron, colour and turbidity in the coagulation process were produced by the PAXXL1911, possessing higher content of iron (0.7%). The lower usefulness of the PAXXL1911 was probably caused by the interaction of organic ligands present in the treated water and Fe(III) ions introduced into the water with the coagulant. The effectiveness of the coagulation process with the tested coagulants was also evaluated by measuring the electrokinetic potential ζ, which determines the stability of the colloidal system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:36:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-43f1ec9a9a9f4fe9bc3c294b10777865 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:36:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-43f1ec9a9a9f4fe9bc3c294b107778652023-11-30T23:40:17ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-0128246810.3390/molecules28020468Suitability of Highly Polymerised Polyaluminium Chlorides (PACls) in the Treatment of Mixture of Groundwater and Surface WaterIzabela Krupińska0Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Environmental Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, 15 Prof. Z. Szafrana St, 65-516 Zielona Góra, PolandThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the coagulation process using highly polymerised polyaluminium chlorides in reducing the level of pollution of water in a mixture of groundwater and surface water. The coagulants used were prehydrolysed polyaluminium chlorides with the trade names PAXHP908 and PAXXL1911 that had alkalinity 85% and different iron contents (<0.01% and 0.7%). The Al species distribution in the PACls (PAXXL1911 ad PAXHP908) samples were analysed by the Ferron complexation timed spectrophotometry. The content of polymer forms of aluminium (Al<sub>b</sub>) in the tested coagulants was 40%. The worse results in the removal of organic matter (TOC, DOC, UV<sub>254</sub>), iron, colour and turbidity in the coagulation process were produced by the PAXXL1911, possessing higher content of iron (0.7%). The lower usefulness of the PAXXL1911 was probably caused by the interaction of organic ligands present in the treated water and Fe(III) ions introduced into the water with the coagulant. The effectiveness of the coagulation process with the tested coagulants was also evaluated by measuring the electrokinetic potential ζ, which determines the stability of the colloidal system.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/468coagulationprehydrolysed coagulantspolyaluminium chloridesorganic matteriron |
| spellingShingle | Izabela Krupińska Suitability of Highly Polymerised Polyaluminium Chlorides (PACls) in the Treatment of Mixture of Groundwater and Surface Water Molecules coagulation prehydrolysed coagulants polyaluminium chlorides organic matter iron |
| title | Suitability of Highly Polymerised Polyaluminium Chlorides (PACls) in the Treatment of Mixture of Groundwater and Surface Water |
| title_full | Suitability of Highly Polymerised Polyaluminium Chlorides (PACls) in the Treatment of Mixture of Groundwater and Surface Water |
| title_fullStr | Suitability of Highly Polymerised Polyaluminium Chlorides (PACls) in the Treatment of Mixture of Groundwater and Surface Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Suitability of Highly Polymerised Polyaluminium Chlorides (PACls) in the Treatment of Mixture of Groundwater and Surface Water |
| title_short | Suitability of Highly Polymerised Polyaluminium Chlorides (PACls) in the Treatment of Mixture of Groundwater and Surface Water |
| title_sort | suitability of highly polymerised polyaluminium chlorides pacls in the treatment of mixture of groundwater and surface water |
| topic | coagulation prehydrolysed coagulants polyaluminium chlorides organic matter iron |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/468 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT izabelakrupinska suitabilityofhighlypolymerisedpolyaluminiumchloridespaclsinthetreatmentofmixtureofgroundwaterandsurfacewater |