Adenomyosis: An Updated Review on Diagnosis and Classification
Adenomyosis is a commonly diagnosed benign condition characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial glands within the underlying myometrium. The most common presenting signs and symptoms are abnormal uterine bleeding, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. The clinical relevance of this conditi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/14/4828 |
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| author | Gaby Moawad Arrigo Fruscalzo Youssef Youssef Mira Kheil Tala Tawil Jimmy Nehme Paul Pirtea Benedetta Guani Huda Afaneh Jean Marc Ayoubi Anis Feki |
| author_facet | Gaby Moawad Arrigo Fruscalzo Youssef Youssef Mira Kheil Tala Tawil Jimmy Nehme Paul Pirtea Benedetta Guani Huda Afaneh Jean Marc Ayoubi Anis Feki |
| author_sort | Gaby Moawad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adenomyosis is a commonly diagnosed benign condition characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial glands within the underlying myometrium. The most common presenting signs and symptoms are abnormal uterine bleeding, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. The clinical relevance of this condition is evident in both medical and surgical care. Histopathology and imaging studies are used for the diagnosis and classification of adenomyosis, which are hallmarks of the advancement of our ability to diagnose adenomyosis. Importantly, the diagnosis and classification of adenomyosis lacks standardization due to the nature of imaging techniques, features of adenomyosis, and the clinical spectrum of adenomyosis. We reviewed the literature to summarize the available classification systems for adenomyosis and highlight the different imaging approaches and histologic criteria used in diagnosis. Despite the high prevalence of the disease, there is no clear consensus on one classification system. We provide a review of some of the classification systems available and discuss their strengths and limitations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:57:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4401ccf3f531461491bc45bcf627b439 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:57:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-4401ccf3f531461491bc45bcf627b4392023-11-18T19:54:35ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-07-011214482810.3390/jcm12144828Adenomyosis: An Updated Review on Diagnosis and ClassificationGaby Moawad0Arrigo Fruscalzo1Youssef Youssef2Mira Kheil3Tala Tawil4Jimmy Nehme5Paul Pirtea6Benedetta Guani7Huda Afaneh8Jean Marc Ayoubi9Anis Feki10Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC 20037, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HFR—Hòpital Fribourgeois, Chemin des Pensionnats 2-6, 1708 Fribourg, SwitzerlandDivision of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology—Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11219, USADepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Pathology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hopital Foch-Faculté de Médecine Paris, 92150 Suresnes, FranceDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HFR—Hòpital Fribourgeois, Chemin des Pensionnats 2-6, 1708 Fribourg, SwitzerlandDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women’s Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hopital Foch-Faculté de Médecine Paris, 92150 Suresnes, FranceDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HFR—Hòpital Fribourgeois, Chemin des Pensionnats 2-6, 1708 Fribourg, SwitzerlandAdenomyosis is a commonly diagnosed benign condition characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial glands within the underlying myometrium. The most common presenting signs and symptoms are abnormal uterine bleeding, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. The clinical relevance of this condition is evident in both medical and surgical care. Histopathology and imaging studies are used for the diagnosis and classification of adenomyosis, which are hallmarks of the advancement of our ability to diagnose adenomyosis. Importantly, the diagnosis and classification of adenomyosis lacks standardization due to the nature of imaging techniques, features of adenomyosis, and the clinical spectrum of adenomyosis. We reviewed the literature to summarize the available classification systems for adenomyosis and highlight the different imaging approaches and histologic criteria used in diagnosis. Despite the high prevalence of the disease, there is no clear consensus on one classification system. We provide a review of some of the classification systems available and discuss their strengths and limitations.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/14/4828adenomyosisabnormal uterine bleedingdysmenorrheaimaginghistopathologyjunctional zone |
| spellingShingle | Gaby Moawad Arrigo Fruscalzo Youssef Youssef Mira Kheil Tala Tawil Jimmy Nehme Paul Pirtea Benedetta Guani Huda Afaneh Jean Marc Ayoubi Anis Feki Adenomyosis: An Updated Review on Diagnosis and Classification Journal of Clinical Medicine adenomyosis abnormal uterine bleeding dysmenorrhea imaging histopathology junctional zone |
| title | Adenomyosis: An Updated Review on Diagnosis and Classification |
| title_full | Adenomyosis: An Updated Review on Diagnosis and Classification |
| title_fullStr | Adenomyosis: An Updated Review on Diagnosis and Classification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adenomyosis: An Updated Review on Diagnosis and Classification |
| title_short | Adenomyosis: An Updated Review on Diagnosis and Classification |
| title_sort | adenomyosis an updated review on diagnosis and classification |
| topic | adenomyosis abnormal uterine bleeding dysmenorrhea imaging histopathology junctional zone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/14/4828 |
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