Mitochondria Bioenergetic Functions and Cell Metabolism Are Modulated by the Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction
The bergamot polyphenolic fraction (BPF) was evaluated in the F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase activity of swine heart mitochondria. In the presence of a concentration higher than 50 µg/mL BPF, the ATPase activity of F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/9/1401 |
| _version_ | 1827672905549348864 |
|---|---|
| author | Cristina Algieri Chiara Bernardini Francesca Oppedisano Debora La Mantia Fabiana Trombetti Ernesto Palma Monica Forni Vincenzo Mollace Giovanni Romeo Salvatore Nesci |
| author_facet | Cristina Algieri Chiara Bernardini Francesca Oppedisano Debora La Mantia Fabiana Trombetti Ernesto Palma Monica Forni Vincenzo Mollace Giovanni Romeo Salvatore Nesci |
| author_sort | Cristina Algieri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The bergamot polyphenolic fraction (BPF) was evaluated in the F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase activity of swine heart mitochondria. In the presence of a concentration higher than 50 µg/mL BPF, the ATPase activity of F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase, dependent on the natural cofactor Mg<sup>2+</sup>, increased by 15%, whereas the enzyme activity in the presence of Ca<sup>2+</sup> was inhibited by 10%. By considering this opposite BPF effect, the F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase activity involved in providing ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation and triggering mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation has been evaluated. The BPF improved the catalytic coupling of oxidative phosphorylation in the presence of a substrate at the first phosphorylation site, boosting the respiratory control ratios (state 3/state 4) by 25% and 85% with 50 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL BPF, respectively. Conversely, the substrate at the second phosphorylation site led to the improvement of the state 3/state 4 ratios by 15% only with 100 µg/mL BPF. Moreover, the BPF carried out its beneficial effect on the mPTP phenomenon by desensitizing the pore opening. The acute effect of the BPF on the metabolism of porcine aortica endothelial cells (pAECs) showed an ATP rate index greater than one, which points out a prevailing mitochondrial oxidative metabolism with respect to the glycolytic pathway, and this ratio rose by about three times with 100 µg/mL BPF. Consistently, the mitochondrial ATP turnover, in addition to the basal and maximal respiration, were higher in the presence of the BPF than in the controls, and the MTT test revealed an increase in cell viability with a BPF concentration above 200 µg/mL. Therefore, the molecule mixture of the BPF aims to ensure good performance of the mitochondrial bioenergetic parameters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:16:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-440b3517cbc243bf926892e9317b8847 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:16:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-440b3517cbc243bf926892e9317b88472023-11-23T07:58:42ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-04-01119140110.3390/cells11091401Mitochondria Bioenergetic Functions and Cell Metabolism Are Modulated by the Bergamot Polyphenolic FractionCristina Algieri0Chiara Bernardini1Francesca Oppedisano2Debora La Mantia3Fabiana Trombetti4Ernesto Palma5Monica Forni6Vincenzo Mollace7Giovanni Romeo8Salvatore Nesci9Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, ItalyDepartment Gynecological, Obstetrical and Pediatric Sciences, Medical Genetics Unit, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, ItalyThe bergamot polyphenolic fraction (BPF) was evaluated in the F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase activity of swine heart mitochondria. In the presence of a concentration higher than 50 µg/mL BPF, the ATPase activity of F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase, dependent on the natural cofactor Mg<sup>2+</sup>, increased by 15%, whereas the enzyme activity in the presence of Ca<sup>2+</sup> was inhibited by 10%. By considering this opposite BPF effect, the F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase activity involved in providing ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation and triggering mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation has been evaluated. The BPF improved the catalytic coupling of oxidative phosphorylation in the presence of a substrate at the first phosphorylation site, boosting the respiratory control ratios (state 3/state 4) by 25% and 85% with 50 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL BPF, respectively. Conversely, the substrate at the second phosphorylation site led to the improvement of the state 3/state 4 ratios by 15% only with 100 µg/mL BPF. Moreover, the BPF carried out its beneficial effect on the mPTP phenomenon by desensitizing the pore opening. The acute effect of the BPF on the metabolism of porcine aortica endothelial cells (pAECs) showed an ATP rate index greater than one, which points out a prevailing mitochondrial oxidative metabolism with respect to the glycolytic pathway, and this ratio rose by about three times with 100 µg/mL BPF. Consistently, the mitochondrial ATP turnover, in addition to the basal and maximal respiration, were higher in the presence of the BPF than in the controls, and the MTT test revealed an increase in cell viability with a BPF concentration above 200 µg/mL. Therefore, the molecule mixture of the BPF aims to ensure good performance of the mitochondrial bioenergetic parameters.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/9/1401mitochondriacell metabolismF<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPasemitochondrial permeability transition poreporcine aortic endothelial cellsbergamot polyphenolic fraction |
| spellingShingle | Cristina Algieri Chiara Bernardini Francesca Oppedisano Debora La Mantia Fabiana Trombetti Ernesto Palma Monica Forni Vincenzo Mollace Giovanni Romeo Salvatore Nesci Mitochondria Bioenergetic Functions and Cell Metabolism Are Modulated by the Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction Cells mitochondria cell metabolism F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase mitochondrial permeability transition pore porcine aortic endothelial cells bergamot polyphenolic fraction |
| title | Mitochondria Bioenergetic Functions and Cell Metabolism Are Modulated by the Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction |
| title_full | Mitochondria Bioenergetic Functions and Cell Metabolism Are Modulated by the Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction |
| title_fullStr | Mitochondria Bioenergetic Functions and Cell Metabolism Are Modulated by the Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondria Bioenergetic Functions and Cell Metabolism Are Modulated by the Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction |
| title_short | Mitochondria Bioenergetic Functions and Cell Metabolism Are Modulated by the Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction |
| title_sort | mitochondria bioenergetic functions and cell metabolism are modulated by the bergamot polyphenolic fraction |
| topic | mitochondria cell metabolism F<sub>1</sub>F<sub>O</sub>-ATPase mitochondrial permeability transition pore porcine aortic endothelial cells bergamot polyphenolic fraction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/9/1401 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cristinaalgieri mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction AT chiarabernardini mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction AT francescaoppedisano mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction AT deboralamantia mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction AT fabianatrombetti mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction AT ernestopalma mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction AT monicaforni mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction AT vincenzomollace mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction AT giovanniromeo mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction AT salvatorenesci mitochondriabioenergeticfunctionsandcellmetabolismaremodulatedbythebergamotpolyphenolicfraction |