Nutritional Values of Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy Cattle
The objective of this experiment was to explore the nutritional components of industrial hemp byproducts (industrial hemp ethanol extraction byproduct, IHEEB; industrial hemp stalk, IHS; industrial hemp seed meal, IHSM; industrial hemp oil filter residue, IHOFR) and provide theoretical support for t...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/24/3488 |
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| author | Yiqiang Wang Jianxu Gao Chuanteng Cheng Jingyi Lv Modinat Tolani Lambo Guangning Zhang Yang Li Yonggen Zhang |
| author_facet | Yiqiang Wang Jianxu Gao Chuanteng Cheng Jingyi Lv Modinat Tolani Lambo Guangning Zhang Yang Li Yonggen Zhang |
| author_sort | Yiqiang Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this experiment was to explore the nutritional components of industrial hemp byproducts (industrial hemp ethanol extraction byproduct, IHEEB; industrial hemp stalk, IHS; industrial hemp seed meal, IHSM; industrial hemp oil filter residue, IHOFR) and provide theoretical support for the application of industrial hemp byproducts in dairy cattle production. This experiment used a combination of a wet chemical method with Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System, <i>in situ</i> nylon bag technique, and three-step <i>in vitro</i> method to compare the chemical composition, carbohydrate and protein composition, <i>in situ</i> ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of industrial hemp byproducts and conventional feeds (alfalfa hay, AH; soybean meal, SBM). Available energy values were estimated based on the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The results showed that the nutritional composition of different feeds varied greatly. The two types of IHEEB were enriched with ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and calcium, while the contents of neutral detergent insoluble crude protein, acid detergent insoluble crude protein, and acid detergent lignin were higher. As a result, the non-degradable carbohydrate and protein components were higher, and the effective degradation rate of rumen dry matter and protein was lower. IHS contains higher non-protein nitrogen and NDF, which enables it to provide more CP rumen effective degradation rate and carbohydrates, but the high acid detergent fiber also limits its application. IHSM possesses 296 g/kg CP and high rumen undegradable protein and intestinal digested protein, which can provide rumen bypass protein in dairy cows, making it a potentially good protein source. IHOFR had higher ether extract, rumen available protein degradation rate, and total tract digested protein, which can provide more energy and easily degradable protein for lactating cows. The available energy value of IHEEB and IHS was lower than AH, while SBM is between IHFOR and IHSM. In addition, the tetrahydrocannabinol of three industrial hemp byproducts that have not been assessed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) was tested to evaluate their safety, and all of them were less than the limit set by ESFA. In conclusion, industrial hemp byproducts can be considered for inclusion in dietary formulations as unconventional feed sources for dairy cattle, but the purpose of use needs to be properly considered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:24:51Z |
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| id | doaj.art-441a2fa185974233a658e58802ea4b6c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:24:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-441a2fa185974233a658e58802ea4b6c2023-11-24T12:50:35ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-12-011224348810.3390/ani12243488Nutritional Values of Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy CattleYiqiang Wang0Jianxu Gao1Chuanteng Cheng2Jingyi Lv3Modinat Tolani Lambo4Guangning Zhang5Yang Li6Yonggen Zhang7College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, ChinaThe objective of this experiment was to explore the nutritional components of industrial hemp byproducts (industrial hemp ethanol extraction byproduct, IHEEB; industrial hemp stalk, IHS; industrial hemp seed meal, IHSM; industrial hemp oil filter residue, IHOFR) and provide theoretical support for the application of industrial hemp byproducts in dairy cattle production. This experiment used a combination of a wet chemical method with Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System, <i>in situ</i> nylon bag technique, and three-step <i>in vitro</i> method to compare the chemical composition, carbohydrate and protein composition, <i>in situ</i> ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of industrial hemp byproducts and conventional feeds (alfalfa hay, AH; soybean meal, SBM). Available energy values were estimated based on the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The results showed that the nutritional composition of different feeds varied greatly. The two types of IHEEB were enriched with ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and calcium, while the contents of neutral detergent insoluble crude protein, acid detergent insoluble crude protein, and acid detergent lignin were higher. As a result, the non-degradable carbohydrate and protein components were higher, and the effective degradation rate of rumen dry matter and protein was lower. IHS contains higher non-protein nitrogen and NDF, which enables it to provide more CP rumen effective degradation rate and carbohydrates, but the high acid detergent fiber also limits its application. IHSM possesses 296 g/kg CP and high rumen undegradable protein and intestinal digested protein, which can provide rumen bypass protein in dairy cows, making it a potentially good protein source. IHOFR had higher ether extract, rumen available protein degradation rate, and total tract digested protein, which can provide more energy and easily degradable protein for lactating cows. The available energy value of IHEEB and IHS was lower than AH, while SBM is between IHFOR and IHSM. In addition, the tetrahydrocannabinol of three industrial hemp byproducts that have not been assessed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) was tested to evaluate their safety, and all of them were less than the limit set by ESFA. In conclusion, industrial hemp byproducts can be considered for inclusion in dietary formulations as unconventional feed sources for dairy cattle, but the purpose of use needs to be properly considered.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/24/3488nutritional valueindustrial hemp byproductsdairy cattle |
| spellingShingle | Yiqiang Wang Jianxu Gao Chuanteng Cheng Jingyi Lv Modinat Tolani Lambo Guangning Zhang Yang Li Yonggen Zhang Nutritional Values of Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy Cattle Animals nutritional value industrial hemp byproducts dairy cattle |
| title | Nutritional Values of Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy Cattle |
| title_full | Nutritional Values of Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy Cattle |
| title_fullStr | Nutritional Values of Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy Cattle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutritional Values of Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy Cattle |
| title_short | Nutritional Values of Industrial Hemp Byproducts for Dairy Cattle |
| title_sort | nutritional values of industrial hemp byproducts for dairy cattle |
| topic | nutritional value industrial hemp byproducts dairy cattle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/24/3488 |
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