Urinary Proteome Changes during Pregnancy in Rats
Pregnancy involves a significant number of physiological changes. A normal pregnancy is essential to ensure healthy maternal and fetal development. We sought to explore whether the urinary proteome could reflect the pregnancy process. Urine samples were collected from pregnant and control rats on va...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/1/34 |
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| author | Shuxuan Tang Youhe Gao |
| author_facet | Shuxuan Tang Youhe Gao |
| author_sort | Shuxuan Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pregnancy involves a significant number of physiological changes. A normal pregnancy is essential to ensure healthy maternal and fetal development. We sought to explore whether the urinary proteome could reflect the pregnancy process. Urine samples were collected from pregnant and control rats on various gestational days. The urinary proteome was profiled by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), and differential proteins were obtained by comparing to the gestational day 1 of the same group at each time point. Many pathways related to embryo implantation and trophoblast differentiation were enriched in the early days in urine. Liver, kidney, and bone development started early to be enriched in the pregnant group, but not in the control group. Interestingly, the developmental processes of the fetal heart such as heart looping and endocardial cushion formation could be seen in urine of pregnant rats. Moreover, the timings were consistent with those of embryological studies. The timing of the surfactant appearance in urine was right before birth. The differential proteins related to pancreas development appeared in urine at the time during reported time of pancreatic cell proliferation and differentiation. These processes were enriched only in the pregnant group and not in the control group. Furthermore, coagulation-associated pathways were found to be increasingly prominent before labor. Our results indicated that the urine proteome of pregnant rats can reflect the process of pregnancy, even fetal embryonic development. Maternal urinary proteome detection was earlier than the developmental time point of tissue sections observed by microscopy. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:28:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
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| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-443e736cc2f9484595f7570f0a57bd5c2023-11-30T21:21:49ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-12-011313410.3390/biom13010034Urinary Proteome Changes during Pregnancy in RatsShuxuan Tang0Youhe Gao1Gene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaGene Engineering Drug and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaPregnancy involves a significant number of physiological changes. A normal pregnancy is essential to ensure healthy maternal and fetal development. We sought to explore whether the urinary proteome could reflect the pregnancy process. Urine samples were collected from pregnant and control rats on various gestational days. The urinary proteome was profiled by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), and differential proteins were obtained by comparing to the gestational day 1 of the same group at each time point. Many pathways related to embryo implantation and trophoblast differentiation were enriched in the early days in urine. Liver, kidney, and bone development started early to be enriched in the pregnant group, but not in the control group. Interestingly, the developmental processes of the fetal heart such as heart looping and endocardial cushion formation could be seen in urine of pregnant rats. Moreover, the timings were consistent with those of embryological studies. The timing of the surfactant appearance in urine was right before birth. The differential proteins related to pancreas development appeared in urine at the time during reported time of pancreatic cell proliferation and differentiation. These processes were enriched only in the pregnant group and not in the control group. Furthermore, coagulation-associated pathways were found to be increasingly prominent before labor. Our results indicated that the urine proteome of pregnant rats can reflect the process of pregnancy, even fetal embryonic development. Maternal urinary proteome detection was earlier than the developmental time point of tissue sections observed by microscopy.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/1/34urinary proteomepregnancyembryonic developmentcoagulation pathway |
| spellingShingle | Shuxuan Tang Youhe Gao Urinary Proteome Changes during Pregnancy in Rats Biomolecules urinary proteome pregnancy embryonic development coagulation pathway |
| title | Urinary Proteome Changes during Pregnancy in Rats |
| title_full | Urinary Proteome Changes during Pregnancy in Rats |
| title_fullStr | Urinary Proteome Changes during Pregnancy in Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Urinary Proteome Changes during Pregnancy in Rats |
| title_short | Urinary Proteome Changes during Pregnancy in Rats |
| title_sort | urinary proteome changes during pregnancy in rats |
| topic | urinary proteome pregnancy embryonic development coagulation pathway |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/1/34 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shuxuantang urinaryproteomechangesduringpregnancyinrats AT youhegao urinaryproteomechangesduringpregnancyinrats |