The Effects of Ultrasound on Crystals: Sonocrystallization and Sonofragmentation
When ultrasound is applied to a solution for crystallization, it can affect the properties of the crystalline products significantly. Ultrasonic irradiation decreases the induction time and metastable zone and increases the nucleation rate. Due to these effects, it generally yields smaller crystals...
Main Authors: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2018-07-01
|
Series: | Crystals |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/8/7/280 |
_version_ | 1817993890558377984 |
---|---|
author | Hyo Na Kim Kenneth S. Suslick |
author_facet | Hyo Na Kim Kenneth S. Suslick |
author_sort | Hyo Na Kim |
collection | DOAJ |
description | When ultrasound is applied to a solution for crystallization, it can affect the properties of the crystalline products significantly. Ultrasonic irradiation decreases the induction time and metastable zone and increases the nucleation rate. Due to these effects, it generally yields smaller crystals with a narrower size distribution when compared with conventional crystallizations. Also, ultrasonic irradiation can cause fragmentation of existing crystals which is caused by crystal collisions or sonofragmentation. The effect of various experimental parameters and empirical products of sonocrystallization have been reported, but the mechanisms of sonocrystallization and sonofragmentation have not been confirmed clearly. In this review, we build upon previous studies and highlight the effects of ultrasound on the crystallization of organic molecules. In addition, recent work on sonofragmentation of molecular and ionic crystals is discussed. |
first_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:45:43Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-443f349ec3da4b728b49d4664bf94a56 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2073-4352 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-04-14T01:45:43Z |
publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
record_format | Article |
series | Crystals |
spelling | doaj.art-443f349ec3da4b728b49d4664bf94a562022-12-22T02:19:33ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522018-07-018728010.3390/cryst8070280cryst8070280The Effects of Ultrasound on Crystals: Sonocrystallization and SonofragmentationHyo Na Kim0Kenneth S. Suslick1Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Av., Urbana, IL 61801, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Av., Urbana, IL 61801, USAWhen ultrasound is applied to a solution for crystallization, it can affect the properties of the crystalline products significantly. Ultrasonic irradiation decreases the induction time and metastable zone and increases the nucleation rate. Due to these effects, it generally yields smaller crystals with a narrower size distribution when compared with conventional crystallizations. Also, ultrasonic irradiation can cause fragmentation of existing crystals which is caused by crystal collisions or sonofragmentation. The effect of various experimental parameters and empirical products of sonocrystallization have been reported, but the mechanisms of sonocrystallization and sonofragmentation have not been confirmed clearly. In this review, we build upon previous studies and highlight the effects of ultrasound on the crystallization of organic molecules. In addition, recent work on sonofragmentation of molecular and ionic crystals is discussed.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/8/7/280ultrasoundsonocrystallizationsonofragmentationsonochemistryacoustic cavitationcrystal nucleation |
spellingShingle | Hyo Na Kim Kenneth S. Suslick The Effects of Ultrasound on Crystals: Sonocrystallization and Sonofragmentation Crystals ultrasound sonocrystallization sonofragmentation sonochemistry acoustic cavitation crystal nucleation |
title | The Effects of Ultrasound on Crystals: Sonocrystallization and Sonofragmentation |
title_full | The Effects of Ultrasound on Crystals: Sonocrystallization and Sonofragmentation |
title_fullStr | The Effects of Ultrasound on Crystals: Sonocrystallization and Sonofragmentation |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Ultrasound on Crystals: Sonocrystallization and Sonofragmentation |
title_short | The Effects of Ultrasound on Crystals: Sonocrystallization and Sonofragmentation |
title_sort | effects of ultrasound on crystals sonocrystallization and sonofragmentation |
topic | ultrasound sonocrystallization sonofragmentation sonochemistry acoustic cavitation crystal nucleation |
url | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/8/7/280 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT hyonakim theeffectsofultrasoundoncrystalssonocrystallizationandsonofragmentation AT kennethssuslick theeffectsofultrasoundoncrystalssonocrystallizationandsonofragmentation AT hyonakim effectsofultrasoundoncrystalssonocrystallizationandsonofragmentation AT kennethssuslick effectsofultrasoundoncrystalssonocrystallizationandsonofragmentation |