Bovine Tuberculosis Case Intervention Using the T.SPOT.TB Assay to Screen Dairy Workers in Bailey County, Texas
Background: One potential exposure on a dairy farm is Mycobacterium bovis or bovine tuberculosis (bTB)—an infectious zoonotic pathogen. The prevalence of tuberculosis among dairy workers in the U.S. is unknown largely due to insufficient surveillance and testing practices. Our objective was to deter...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00479/full |
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| author | Anabel Rodriguez David Douphrate David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras Emilie Prot Adriana Perez Robert Hagevoort Matthew Nonnenmann |
| author_facet | Anabel Rodriguez David Douphrate David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras Emilie Prot Adriana Perez Robert Hagevoort Matthew Nonnenmann |
| author_sort | Anabel Rodriguez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: One potential exposure on a dairy farm is Mycobacterium bovis or bovine tuberculosis (bTB)—an infectious zoonotic pathogen. The prevalence of tuberculosis among dairy workers in the U.S. is unknown largely due to insufficient surveillance and testing practices. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of LTBI among dairy workers potentially exposed to cattle infected with bTB in two Bailey County, Texas dairy farms in 2016.Methods: This study involved a secondary analysis of data that were collected by Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) Public Health Region 1 (PHR 1). A total of 140 dairy workers were tested using the T.SPOT.TB test assay. As a proxy for occupational exposures, we used three categories of cattle exposure groups based on work task, duration, and conditions of exposure to cattle—high, medium, low.Results: Positive LTBI was found among 14/140 (10.0%) of the dairy workers tested with 12/87 (13.8%) in Dairy A and 2/53 (3.8%) in Dairy B. All LTBI cases were determined to be from Hispanic workers with 71.4% indicating having been vaccinated with the BCG vaccine in their country of birth and none indicated previously known exposure to TB. The high category of cattle exposure group experienced the highest prevalence of LTBI (64.3%), followed by the medium cattle exposure group (28.6%), and the low cattle exposure group (7.1%).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the prevalence of LTBI among dairy workers in Bailey County, Texas is higher than demographically comparable workforces. Future efforts should focus on the development, delivery, and evaluation of a tuberculosis—and other zoonotic diseases—health and safety training which can become a part of a more comprehensive safety management and training program on dairy farms. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T13:57:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4444220d1f4f4798a6203ad6d63b4cca2022-12-22T01:04:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652020-09-01810.3389/fpubh.2020.00479560043Bovine Tuberculosis Case Intervention Using the T.SPOT.TB Assay to Screen Dairy Workers in Bailey County, TexasAnabel Rodriguez0David Douphrate1David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras2Emilie Prot3Adriana Perez4Robert Hagevoort5Matthew Nonnenmann6Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United StatesRegional Medical Director, Texas Department of State Health Services, Harlingen, TX, United StatesDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Agricultural Science Center at Clovis, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United StatesDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United StatesBackground: One potential exposure on a dairy farm is Mycobacterium bovis or bovine tuberculosis (bTB)—an infectious zoonotic pathogen. The prevalence of tuberculosis among dairy workers in the U.S. is unknown largely due to insufficient surveillance and testing practices. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of LTBI among dairy workers potentially exposed to cattle infected with bTB in two Bailey County, Texas dairy farms in 2016.Methods: This study involved a secondary analysis of data that were collected by Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) Public Health Region 1 (PHR 1). A total of 140 dairy workers were tested using the T.SPOT.TB test assay. As a proxy for occupational exposures, we used three categories of cattle exposure groups based on work task, duration, and conditions of exposure to cattle—high, medium, low.Results: Positive LTBI was found among 14/140 (10.0%) of the dairy workers tested with 12/87 (13.8%) in Dairy A and 2/53 (3.8%) in Dairy B. All LTBI cases were determined to be from Hispanic workers with 71.4% indicating having been vaccinated with the BCG vaccine in their country of birth and none indicated previously known exposure to TB. The high category of cattle exposure group experienced the highest prevalence of LTBI (64.3%), followed by the medium cattle exposure group (28.6%), and the low cattle exposure group (7.1%).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the prevalence of LTBI among dairy workers in Bailey County, Texas is higher than demographically comparable workforces. Future efforts should focus on the development, delivery, and evaluation of a tuberculosis—and other zoonotic diseases—health and safety training which can become a part of a more comprehensive safety management and training program on dairy farms.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00479/fullbovine tuberculosis (bTB)latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI)TexasT.SPOT.TBdairy workers |
| spellingShingle | Anabel Rodriguez David Douphrate David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras Emilie Prot Adriana Perez Robert Hagevoort Matthew Nonnenmann Bovine Tuberculosis Case Intervention Using the T.SPOT.TB Assay to Screen Dairy Workers in Bailey County, Texas Frontiers in Public Health bovine tuberculosis (bTB) latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) Texas T.SPOT.TB dairy workers |
| title | Bovine Tuberculosis Case Intervention Using the T.SPOT.TB Assay to Screen Dairy Workers in Bailey County, Texas |
| title_full | Bovine Tuberculosis Case Intervention Using the T.SPOT.TB Assay to Screen Dairy Workers in Bailey County, Texas |
| title_fullStr | Bovine Tuberculosis Case Intervention Using the T.SPOT.TB Assay to Screen Dairy Workers in Bailey County, Texas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bovine Tuberculosis Case Intervention Using the T.SPOT.TB Assay to Screen Dairy Workers in Bailey County, Texas |
| title_short | Bovine Tuberculosis Case Intervention Using the T.SPOT.TB Assay to Screen Dairy Workers in Bailey County, Texas |
| title_sort | bovine tuberculosis case intervention using the t spot tb assay to screen dairy workers in bailey county texas |
| topic | bovine tuberculosis (bTB) latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) Texas T.SPOT.TB dairy workers |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00479/full |
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