Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infections from 2007 to 2011
Introduction: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative microorganism with low virulence, which is commonly found in environmental, water, plant, and animal sources. It usually causes nosocomial infections in the presence of abnormal host defenses. Being seen in various clinical situations, it...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi
2013-09-01
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| Series: | Flora Infeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.floradergisi.org/getFileContent.aspx?op=REDPDF&file_name=2013-18-03-119-127.pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative microorganism with low virulence, which is commonly found in environmental, water, plant, and animal sources. It usually causes nosocomial infections in the presence of abnormal host defenses. Being seen in various clinical situations, it attracts attention with its high mortality and resistance to antibiotics. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the properties of infections caused by S. maltophilia and their change over time and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the pathogens. Materials and Methods: The clinical features, risk factors and results of nosocomial infections caused by S. maltophilia in our hospital’s intensive care units between January 2007 and December 2011 were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: Sixty-eight S. maltophilia infections were detected in 63 patients. The infection rate was calculated as 0.32 per 1000 patient days and 2.75 per 1000 admissions, and a statistically significant decrease was detected. The median age was 10 (0-83) years and 55.6% of the patients were male. Median time to infection was 17.5 (1-232) days. Most of the diagnoses were pneumonia (ventilator-associated pneumonia 55.4%, nosocomial pneumonia 14.7%) and blood stream infections (catheter-associated BSI 20.6%, laboratory-confirmed BSI 5.9%). Accompanying pathogens were detected in 61.8% of the patients, and the most common were Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most commonly seen underlying conditions were hematogenous malignancies (20.6%), renal failure (10.3%), and diabetes mellitus (10.3%). The most common risk factors were detected as antibiotic usage (91.2%), mechanical ventilation (72.1%), and respiratory failure (64.7%). The most commonly used antibiotic groups were glycopeptides (69.1%), carbapenems (64.7%), and aminoglycosides (45.6%). Mechanical ventilation (p= 0.029), urinary catheterization (p= 0.014) and hospitalization more than 14 days (p= 0.046) were identified as risk factors associated with mortality. The most effective antibiotics were trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (81.8%), colistin (73.9%) and levofloxacin (73.5%). Conclusion: Evaluation of the risk factors and application of appropriate infection control measures would be more effective than treatment of these infections with this resistant microorganism, which carries high mortality. |
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| ISSN: | 1300-932X 1300-932X |