SEM/EDX analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its diet

Abstract Understanding the impacts of microplastics on living organisms in aquatic habitats is one of the hottest research topics worldwide. Despite increased attention, investigating microplastics in underwater environments remains a problematic task, due to the ubiquitous occurrence of microplasti...

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Main Authors: Giulia Furfaro, Marcella D’Elia, Stefania Mariano, Egidio Trainito, Michele Solca, Stefano Piraino, Genuario Belmonte
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2022-06-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14299-3
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author Giulia Furfaro
Marcella D’Elia
Stefania Mariano
Egidio Trainito
Michele Solca
Stefano Piraino
Genuario Belmonte
author_facet Giulia Furfaro
Marcella D’Elia
Stefania Mariano
Egidio Trainito
Michele Solca
Stefano Piraino
Genuario Belmonte
author_sort Giulia Furfaro
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Understanding the impacts of microplastics on living organisms in aquatic habitats is one of the hottest research topics worldwide. Despite increased attention, investigating microplastics in underwater environments remains a problematic task, due to the ubiquitous occurrence of microplastic, its multiple modes of interactions with the biota, and to the diversity of the synthetic organic polymers composing microplastics in the field. Several studies on microplastics focused on marine invertebrates, but to date, the benthic sea slugs (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) were not yet investigated. Sea slugs are known to live on the organisms on which they feed on or to snack while gliding over the sea floor, but also as users of exogenous molecules or materials not only for nutrition. Therefore, they may represent a potential biological model to explore new modes of transformation and/or management of plastic, so far considered to be a non-biodegradable polymer. In this study we analysed the stomachal content of Bursatella leachii, an aplysiid heterobranch living in the Mar Piccolo, a highly polluted coastal basin near Taranto, in the northern part of the Ionian Sea. Microplastics were found in the stomachs of all the six sampled specimens, and SEM/EDX analyses were carried out to characterize the plastic debris. The SEM images and EDX spectra gathered here should be regarded as a baseline reference database for future investigations on marine Heterobranchia and their interactions with microplastics.
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spelling doaj.art-4465caa0e43d4055b27fb545c7f44c652022-12-22T00:23:52ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-06-0112111310.1038/s41598-022-14299-3SEM/EDX analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its dietGiulia Furfaro0Marcella D’Elia1Stefania Mariano2Egidio Trainito3Michele Solca4Stefano Piraino5Genuario Belmonte6Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of SalentoDepartment of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio de Giorgi”, University of SalentoDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of SalentoMarine Protected Area ‘Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo’Museo di Biologia Marina “Pietro Parenzan”Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of SalentoDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of SalentoAbstract Understanding the impacts of microplastics on living organisms in aquatic habitats is one of the hottest research topics worldwide. Despite increased attention, investigating microplastics in underwater environments remains a problematic task, due to the ubiquitous occurrence of microplastic, its multiple modes of interactions with the biota, and to the diversity of the synthetic organic polymers composing microplastics in the field. Several studies on microplastics focused on marine invertebrates, but to date, the benthic sea slugs (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) were not yet investigated. Sea slugs are known to live on the organisms on which they feed on or to snack while gliding over the sea floor, but also as users of exogenous molecules or materials not only for nutrition. Therefore, they may represent a potential biological model to explore new modes of transformation and/or management of plastic, so far considered to be a non-biodegradable polymer. In this study we analysed the stomachal content of Bursatella leachii, an aplysiid heterobranch living in the Mar Piccolo, a highly polluted coastal basin near Taranto, in the northern part of the Ionian Sea. Microplastics were found in the stomachs of all the six sampled specimens, and SEM/EDX analyses were carried out to characterize the plastic debris. The SEM images and EDX spectra gathered here should be regarded as a baseline reference database for future investigations on marine Heterobranchia and their interactions with microplastics.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14299-3
spellingShingle Giulia Furfaro
Marcella D’Elia
Stefania Mariano
Egidio Trainito
Michele Solca
Stefano Piraino
Genuario Belmonte
SEM/EDX analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its diet
Scientific Reports
title SEM/EDX analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its diet
title_full SEM/EDX analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its diet
title_fullStr SEM/EDX analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its diet
title_full_unstemmed SEM/EDX analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its diet
title_short SEM/EDX analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its diet
title_sort sem edx analysis of stomach contents of a sea slug snacking on a polluted seafloor reveal microplastics as a component of its diet
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14299-3
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