Baroreflex activity through the analysis of the cardio-respiratory variability influence over blood pressure in cardiomyopathy patients
A large portion of the elderly population are affected by cardiovascular diseases. Early prognosis of cardiomyopathies remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to classify cardiomyopathy patients by their etiology based on significant indexes extracted from the characterization of the barorefl...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-08-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1184293/full |
| _version_ | 1797744390536429568 |
|---|---|
| author | Javier Rodriguez Javier Rodriguez Steffen Schulz Andreas Voss Sergio Herrera Salvador Benito Beatriz F. Giraldo Beatriz F. Giraldo Beatriz F. Giraldo |
| author_facet | Javier Rodriguez Javier Rodriguez Steffen Schulz Andreas Voss Sergio Herrera Salvador Benito Beatriz F. Giraldo Beatriz F. Giraldo Beatriz F. Giraldo |
| author_sort | Javier Rodriguez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A large portion of the elderly population are affected by cardiovascular diseases. Early prognosis of cardiomyopathies remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to classify cardiomyopathy patients by their etiology based on significant indexes extracted from the characterization of the baroreflex mechanism in function of the influence of the cardio-respiratory activity over the blood pressure. Forty-one cardiomyopathy patients (CMP) classified as ischemic (ICM—24 patients) and dilated (DCM—17 patients) were considered. In addition, thirty-nine control (CON) subjects were used as reference. The beat-to-beat (BBI) time series, from the electrocardiographic (ECG) signal, the systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) time series, from the blood pressure signal (BP), and the respiratory time (TT), from the respiratory flow (RF) signal, were extracted. The three-dimensional representation of the cardiorespiratory and vascular activities was characterized geometrically, by fitting a polygon that contains 95% of data, and by statistical descriptive indices. DCM patients presented specific patterns in the respiratory response to decreasing blood pressure activity. ICM patients presented more stable cardiorespiratory activity in comparison with DCM patients. In general, CMP shown limited ability to regulate changes in blood pressure. In addition, patients also shown a limited ability of their cardiac and respiratory systems response to regulate incremental changes of the vascular variability and a lower heart rate variability. The best classifiers were used to build support vector machine models. The optimal model to classify ICM versus DCM patients achieved 92.7% accuracy, 94.1% sensitivity, and 91.7% specificity. When comparing CMP patients and CON subjects, the best model achieved 86.2% accuracy, 82.9% sensitivity, and 89.7% specificity. When comparing ICM patients and CON subjects, the best model achieved 88.9% accuracy, 87.5% sensitivity, and 89.7% specificity. When comparing DCM patients and CON subjects, the best model achieved 87.5% accuracy, 76.5% sensitivity, and 92.3% specificity. In conclusion, this study introduced a new method for the classification of patients by their etiology based on new indices from the analysis of the baroreflex mechanism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:09:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-446914ad474945889082bfcbfc95aefc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:09:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-446914ad474945889082bfcbfc95aefc2023-08-11T22:21:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2023-08-011410.3389/fphys.2023.11842931184293Baroreflex activity through the analysis of the cardio-respiratory variability influence over blood pressure in cardiomyopathy patientsJavier Rodriguez0Javier Rodriguez1Steffen Schulz2Andreas Voss3Sergio Herrera4Salvador Benito5Beatriz F. Giraldo6Beatriz F. Giraldo7Beatriz F. Giraldo8Automatic Control Department (ESAII), Barcelona East School of Engineering (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, SpainInstitute of Innovative Health Technologies, Jena, GermanyInstitute of Innovative Health Technologies, Jena, GermanyHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, SpainHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, SpainAutomatic Control Department (ESAII), Barcelona East School of Engineering (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, SpainCIBER de Bioengenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, SpainA large portion of the elderly population are affected by cardiovascular diseases. Early prognosis of cardiomyopathies remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to classify cardiomyopathy patients by their etiology based on significant indexes extracted from the characterization of the baroreflex mechanism in function of the influence of the cardio-respiratory activity over the blood pressure. Forty-one cardiomyopathy patients (CMP) classified as ischemic (ICM—24 patients) and dilated (DCM—17 patients) were considered. In addition, thirty-nine control (CON) subjects were used as reference. The beat-to-beat (BBI) time series, from the electrocardiographic (ECG) signal, the systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) time series, from the blood pressure signal (BP), and the respiratory time (TT), from the respiratory flow (RF) signal, were extracted. The three-dimensional representation of the cardiorespiratory and vascular activities was characterized geometrically, by fitting a polygon that contains 95% of data, and by statistical descriptive indices. DCM patients presented specific patterns in the respiratory response to decreasing blood pressure activity. ICM patients presented more stable cardiorespiratory activity in comparison with DCM patients. In general, CMP shown limited ability to regulate changes in blood pressure. In addition, patients also shown a limited ability of their cardiac and respiratory systems response to regulate incremental changes of the vascular variability and a lower heart rate variability. The best classifiers were used to build support vector machine models. The optimal model to classify ICM versus DCM patients achieved 92.7% accuracy, 94.1% sensitivity, and 91.7% specificity. When comparing CMP patients and CON subjects, the best model achieved 86.2% accuracy, 82.9% sensitivity, and 89.7% specificity. When comparing ICM patients and CON subjects, the best model achieved 88.9% accuracy, 87.5% sensitivity, and 89.7% specificity. When comparing DCM patients and CON subjects, the best model achieved 87.5% accuracy, 76.5% sensitivity, and 92.3% specificity. In conclusion, this study introduced a new method for the classification of patients by their etiology based on new indices from the analysis of the baroreflex mechanism.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1184293/fullbaroreflex activitycardio-respiratory variabilityblood pressure variabilitymorphology-relative changeischemic-dilated cardiomyopathy |
| spellingShingle | Javier Rodriguez Javier Rodriguez Steffen Schulz Andreas Voss Sergio Herrera Salvador Benito Beatriz F. Giraldo Beatriz F. Giraldo Beatriz F. Giraldo Baroreflex activity through the analysis of the cardio-respiratory variability influence over blood pressure in cardiomyopathy patients Frontiers in Physiology baroreflex activity cardio-respiratory variability blood pressure variability morphology-relative change ischemic-dilated cardiomyopathy |
| title | Baroreflex activity through the analysis of the cardio-respiratory variability influence over blood pressure in cardiomyopathy patients |
| title_full | Baroreflex activity through the analysis of the cardio-respiratory variability influence over blood pressure in cardiomyopathy patients |
| title_fullStr | Baroreflex activity through the analysis of the cardio-respiratory variability influence over blood pressure in cardiomyopathy patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Baroreflex activity through the analysis of the cardio-respiratory variability influence over blood pressure in cardiomyopathy patients |
| title_short | Baroreflex activity through the analysis of the cardio-respiratory variability influence over blood pressure in cardiomyopathy patients |
| title_sort | baroreflex activity through the analysis of the cardio respiratory variability influence over blood pressure in cardiomyopathy patients |
| topic | baroreflex activity cardio-respiratory variability blood pressure variability morphology-relative change ischemic-dilated cardiomyopathy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2023.1184293/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT javierrodriguez baroreflexactivitythroughtheanalysisofthecardiorespiratoryvariabilityinfluenceoverbloodpressureincardiomyopathypatients AT javierrodriguez baroreflexactivitythroughtheanalysisofthecardiorespiratoryvariabilityinfluenceoverbloodpressureincardiomyopathypatients AT steffenschulz baroreflexactivitythroughtheanalysisofthecardiorespiratoryvariabilityinfluenceoverbloodpressureincardiomyopathypatients AT andreasvoss baroreflexactivitythroughtheanalysisofthecardiorespiratoryvariabilityinfluenceoverbloodpressureincardiomyopathypatients AT sergioherrera baroreflexactivitythroughtheanalysisofthecardiorespiratoryvariabilityinfluenceoverbloodpressureincardiomyopathypatients AT salvadorbenito baroreflexactivitythroughtheanalysisofthecardiorespiratoryvariabilityinfluenceoverbloodpressureincardiomyopathypatients AT beatrizfgiraldo baroreflexactivitythroughtheanalysisofthecardiorespiratoryvariabilityinfluenceoverbloodpressureincardiomyopathypatients AT beatrizfgiraldo baroreflexactivitythroughtheanalysisofthecardiorespiratoryvariabilityinfluenceoverbloodpressureincardiomyopathypatients AT beatrizfgiraldo baroreflexactivitythroughtheanalysisofthecardiorespiratoryvariabilityinfluenceoverbloodpressureincardiomyopathypatients |