The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) and Their Feasibility in Hydroponics and Vertical Farming
There are many reasons for the increase in hydroponics/soil-free systems in agriculture, and these systems have now advanced to the form of vertical farming. The sustainable use of space, the reduction in water use compared to soil-based agriculture, the lack of pesticides, the ability to control nu...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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Series: | Metabolites |
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/247 |
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author | Faten Dhawi |
author_facet | Faten Dhawi |
author_sort | Faten Dhawi |
collection | DOAJ |
description | There are many reasons for the increase in hydroponics/soil-free systems in agriculture, and these systems have now advanced to the form of vertical farming. The sustainable use of space, the reduction in water use compared to soil-based agriculture, the lack of pesticides, the ability to control nutrient inputs, and the implementation of user-friendly technology for environmental control and harvesting are all factors that have made the global market for vertical farming predicted to reach more than USD 10.02 billion by 2027. By comparison, soil-based agriculture consumes 20 times more water, and some agricultural practices promote soil deterioration and cause environmental pollution. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) have been used extensively in traditional agriculture to enhance plant growth, environmental stress tolerance, and the efficacy of phytoremediation in soil-based farming. Due to the controlled atmosphere in hydroponics and vertical farms, there is strong potential to maximize the use of PGPMs. Here, we review the leveraging of plant growth-promoting microorganism mechanisms in hydroponics and vertical farming. We recommend a synchronized PGPM treatment using a biostimulant extract added to the hydroponic medium while also pre-treating seeds or seedlings with a microbial suspension for aquaponic and aeroponic systems. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:26:05Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-44704e7c67bc436ba76e899d76840d8e |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2218-1989 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:26:05Z |
publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
record_format | Article |
series | Metabolites |
spelling | doaj.art-44704e7c67bc436ba76e899d76840d8e2023-11-16T22:04:56ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-02-0113224710.3390/metabo13020247The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) and Their Feasibility in Hydroponics and Vertical FarmingFaten Dhawi0Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaThere are many reasons for the increase in hydroponics/soil-free systems in agriculture, and these systems have now advanced to the form of vertical farming. The sustainable use of space, the reduction in water use compared to soil-based agriculture, the lack of pesticides, the ability to control nutrient inputs, and the implementation of user-friendly technology for environmental control and harvesting are all factors that have made the global market for vertical farming predicted to reach more than USD 10.02 billion by 2027. By comparison, soil-based agriculture consumes 20 times more water, and some agricultural practices promote soil deterioration and cause environmental pollution. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) have been used extensively in traditional agriculture to enhance plant growth, environmental stress tolerance, and the efficacy of phytoremediation in soil-based farming. Due to the controlled atmosphere in hydroponics and vertical farms, there is strong potential to maximize the use of PGPMs. Here, we review the leveraging of plant growth-promoting microorganism mechanisms in hydroponics and vertical farming. We recommend a synchronized PGPM treatment using a biostimulant extract added to the hydroponic medium while also pre-treating seeds or seedlings with a microbial suspension for aquaponic and aeroponic systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/247agriculturehydroponicsmicroorganismvertical agricultureaquaponicsaeroponics |
spellingShingle | Faten Dhawi The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) and Their Feasibility in Hydroponics and Vertical Farming Metabolites agriculture hydroponics microorganism vertical agriculture aquaponics aeroponics |
title | The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) and Their Feasibility in Hydroponics and Vertical Farming |
title_full | The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) and Their Feasibility in Hydroponics and Vertical Farming |
title_fullStr | The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) and Their Feasibility in Hydroponics and Vertical Farming |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) and Their Feasibility in Hydroponics and Vertical Farming |
title_short | The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) and Their Feasibility in Hydroponics and Vertical Farming |
title_sort | role of plant growth promoting microorganisms pgpms and their feasibility in hydroponics and vertical farming |
topic | agriculture hydroponics microorganism vertical agriculture aquaponics aeroponics |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/2/247 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT fatendhawi theroleofplantgrowthpromotingmicroorganismspgpmsandtheirfeasibilityinhydroponicsandverticalfarming AT fatendhawi roleofplantgrowthpromotingmicroorganismspgpmsandtheirfeasibilityinhydroponicsandverticalfarming |