Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive Networking
In recent years the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) Task Group (TG) has been working on proposing a series of standards to provide Ethernet with hard real-time guarantees, online management of the traffic and fault tolerance mechanisms. In this way the TG expects to create the network technology of...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/756 |
| _version_ | 1797408024864751616 |
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| author | Inés Álvarez Ignasi Furió Julián Proenza Manuel Barranco |
| author_facet | Inés Álvarez Ignasi Furió Julián Proenza Manuel Barranco |
| author_sort | Inés Álvarez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) Task Group (TG) has been working on proposing a series of standards to provide Ethernet with hard real-time guarantees, online management of the traffic and fault tolerance mechanisms. In this way the TG expects to create the network technology of future novel applications with real-time and reliability requirements. TSN proposes using spatial redundancy to increase the reliability of Ethernet networks, but using spatial redundancy to tolerate temporary faults is not a cost-effective solution. For this reason, we propose to use time redundancy to tolerate temporary faults in the links of TSN-based networks. Specifically, we have proposed the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames (PTRF) mechanism, which consists in transmitting several copies of each frame in a preventive manner. In this article we present for the first time a detailed description of the mechanism, with the three different approaches we have designed. We also present the implementation of PTRF in a real TSN prototype. Furthermore, we carry out a qualitative comparison of the different approaches of the mechanism and we experimentally evaluate the approaches of the mechanism in a quantitative manner from three perspectives: the end-to-end delay, the jitter and the bandwidth consumption. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:52:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4488435f2a414e5e9dec7d1126117800 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:52:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-4488435f2a414e5e9dec7d11261178002023-12-03T14:25:39ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-01-0121375610.3390/s21030756Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive NetworkingInés Álvarez0Ignasi Furió1Julián Proenza2Manuel Barranco3Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, SpainDepartment of Mathematics and Informatics, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, SpainDepartment of Mathematics and Informatics, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, SpainDepartment of Mathematics and Informatics, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, SpainIn recent years the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) Task Group (TG) has been working on proposing a series of standards to provide Ethernet with hard real-time guarantees, online management of the traffic and fault tolerance mechanisms. In this way the TG expects to create the network technology of future novel applications with real-time and reliability requirements. TSN proposes using spatial redundancy to increase the reliability of Ethernet networks, but using spatial redundancy to tolerate temporary faults is not a cost-effective solution. For this reason, we propose to use time redundancy to tolerate temporary faults in the links of TSN-based networks. Specifically, we have proposed the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames (PTRF) mechanism, which consists in transmitting several copies of each frame in a preventive manner. In this article we present for the first time a detailed description of the mechanism, with the three different approaches we have designed. We also present the implementation of PTRF in a real TSN prototype. Furthermore, we carry out a qualitative comparison of the different approaches of the mechanism and we experimentally evaluate the approaches of the mechanism in a quantitative manner from three perspectives: the end-to-end delay, the jitter and the bandwidth consumption.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/756fault tolerancereal-time networkscritical systemsProactive Transmission of Replicated FramesTime-Sensitive Networking |
| spellingShingle | Inés Álvarez Ignasi Furió Julián Proenza Manuel Barranco Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive Networking Sensors fault tolerance real-time networks critical systems Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Time-Sensitive Networking |
| title | Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive Networking |
| title_full | Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive Networking |
| title_fullStr | Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive Networking |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive Networking |
| title_short | Design and Experimental Evaluation of the Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Mechanism over Time-Sensitive Networking |
| title_sort | design and experimental evaluation of the proactive transmission of replicated frames mechanism over time sensitive networking |
| topic | fault tolerance real-time networks critical systems Proactive Transmission of Replicated Frames Time-Sensitive Networking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/3/756 |
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