Neuroendocrine–Immune Regulatory Network of <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver
<i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver (<i>E. ulmoides</i>) is a popular medicinal herb and health supplement in China, Japan, and Korea, and has a variety of pharmaceutical properties. The neuroendocrine–immune (NEI) network is crucial in maintaining homeostasis and physical or psy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/12/3697 |
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| author | Yi Zhao De-Chao Tan Bo Peng Lin Yang Si-Yuan Zhang Rui-Peng Shi Cheong-Meng Chong Zhang-Feng Zhong Sheng-Peng Wang Qiong-Lin Liang Yi-Tao Wang |
| author_facet | Yi Zhao De-Chao Tan Bo Peng Lin Yang Si-Yuan Zhang Rui-Peng Shi Cheong-Meng Chong Zhang-Feng Zhong Sheng-Peng Wang Qiong-Lin Liang Yi-Tao Wang |
| author_sort | Yi Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver (<i>E. ulmoides</i>) is a popular medicinal herb and health supplement in China, Japan, and Korea, and has a variety of pharmaceutical properties. The neuroendocrine–immune (NEI) network is crucial in maintaining homeostasis and physical or psychological functions at a holistic level, consistent with the regulatory theory of natural medicine. This review aims to systematically summarize the chemical compositions, biological roles, and pharmacological properties of <i>E. ulmoides</i> to build a bridge between it and NEI-associated diseases and to provide a perspective for the development of its new clinical applications. After a review of the literature, we found that <i>E. ulmoides</i> has effects on NEI-related diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disease, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, insomnia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. However, clinical studies on <i>E. ulmoides</i> were scarce. In addition, <i>E. ulmoides</i> derivatives are diverse in China, and they are mainly used to enhance immunity, improve hepatic damage, strengthen bones, and lower blood pressure. Through network pharmacological analysis, we uncovered the possibility that <i>E. ulmoides</i> is involved in functional interactions with cancer development, insulin resistance, NAFLD, and various inflammatory pathways associated with NEI diseases. Overall, this review suggests that <i>E. ulmoides</i> has a wide range of applications for NEI-related diseases and provides a direction for its future research and development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:56:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-44b1bb04e6934679b5cef6f65ac504ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:56:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-44b1bb04e6934679b5cef6f65ac504ee2023-11-23T18:09:42ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-06-012712369710.3390/molecules27123697Neuroendocrine–Immune Regulatory Network of <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> OliverYi Zhao0De-Chao Tan1Bo Peng2Lin Yang3Si-Yuan Zhang4Rui-Peng Shi5Cheong-Meng Chong6Zhang-Feng Zhong7Sheng-Peng Wang8Qiong-Lin Liang9Yi-Tao Wang10Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, ChinaMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, ChinaMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, ChinaMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, ChinaMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, ChinaMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, ChinaMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, ChinaMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, ChinaMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, ChinaMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaMacau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China<i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver (<i>E. ulmoides</i>) is a popular medicinal herb and health supplement in China, Japan, and Korea, and has a variety of pharmaceutical properties. The neuroendocrine–immune (NEI) network is crucial in maintaining homeostasis and physical or psychological functions at a holistic level, consistent with the regulatory theory of natural medicine. This review aims to systematically summarize the chemical compositions, biological roles, and pharmacological properties of <i>E. ulmoides</i> to build a bridge between it and NEI-associated diseases and to provide a perspective for the development of its new clinical applications. After a review of the literature, we found that <i>E. ulmoides</i> has effects on NEI-related diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disease, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, insomnia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. However, clinical studies on <i>E. ulmoides</i> were scarce. In addition, <i>E. ulmoides</i> derivatives are diverse in China, and they are mainly used to enhance immunity, improve hepatic damage, strengthen bones, and lower blood pressure. Through network pharmacological analysis, we uncovered the possibility that <i>E. ulmoides</i> is involved in functional interactions with cancer development, insulin resistance, NAFLD, and various inflammatory pathways associated with NEI diseases. Overall, this review suggests that <i>E. ulmoides</i> has a wide range of applications for NEI-related diseases and provides a direction for its future research and development.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/12/3697<i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver (<i>E. ulmoides</i>)neuroendocrine–immunecancernetwork pharmacologynatural products |
| spellingShingle | Yi Zhao De-Chao Tan Bo Peng Lin Yang Si-Yuan Zhang Rui-Peng Shi Cheong-Meng Chong Zhang-Feng Zhong Sheng-Peng Wang Qiong-Lin Liang Yi-Tao Wang Neuroendocrine–Immune Regulatory Network of <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver Molecules <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver (<i>E. ulmoides</i>) neuroendocrine–immune cancer network pharmacology natural products |
| title | Neuroendocrine–Immune Regulatory Network of <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver |
| title_full | Neuroendocrine–Immune Regulatory Network of <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver |
| title_fullStr | Neuroendocrine–Immune Regulatory Network of <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neuroendocrine–Immune Regulatory Network of <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver |
| title_short | Neuroendocrine–Immune Regulatory Network of <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver |
| title_sort | neuroendocrine immune regulatory network of i eucommia ulmoides i oliver |
| topic | <i>Eucommia ulmoides</i> Oliver (<i>E. ulmoides</i>) neuroendocrine–immune cancer network pharmacology natural products |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/12/3697 |
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