Influence of Microalloying on the Microstructures and Properties of Spalling-Resistant Wheel Steel
Microalloyed steels have emerged to replace conventional plain-carbon steels to achieve longer wheel life on Chinese railroads. In this work, with the aim of preventing spalling, a mechanism that consists of ratcheting and shakedown theory correlated with steel properties is systematically investiga...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/1972 |
| _version_ | 1797614947070377984 |
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| author | Tao Cong Bo Jiang Qiang Zou Sancheng Yao |
| author_facet | Tao Cong Bo Jiang Qiang Zou Sancheng Yao |
| author_sort | Tao Cong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microalloyed steels have emerged to replace conventional plain-carbon steels to achieve longer wheel life on Chinese railroads. In this work, with the aim of preventing spalling, a mechanism that consists of ratcheting and shakedown theory correlated with steel properties is systematically investigated. Mechanical and ratcheting tests were carried out for microalloyed wheel steel to which vanadium was added in the range of 0–0.15 wt.% and the results were compared with that obtained for conventional plain-carbon wheel steel. The microstructure and precipitation were characterized via microscopy. As a result, the grain size was not obviously refined, and the pearlite lamellar spacing decreased from 148 nm to 131 nm in microalloyed wheel steel. Moreover, an increase in the number of vanadium carbide precipitates was observed, which were mainly dispersed and uneven, and precipitated in the pro-eutectoid ferrite region, in contrast to the observation of lower precipitation in the pearlite. It has been found that vanadium addition can lead to an increase in yield strength by precipitation strengthening, with no reduction or increase in tensile strength, elongation or hardness. The ratcheting strain rate for microalloyed wheel steel was determined to be lower than that for plain-carbon wheel steel via asymmetrical cyclic stressing tests. An increase in the pro-eutectoid ferrite content leads to beneficial wear, which can diminish spalling and surface-initiated RCF. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:19:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-44b3d889ae2c40b58393de989f674901 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:19:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-44b3d889ae2c40b58393de989f6749012023-11-17T08:05:29ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-02-01165197210.3390/ma16051972Influence of Microalloying on the Microstructures and Properties of Spalling-Resistant Wheel SteelTao Cong0Bo Jiang1Qiang Zou2Sancheng Yao3Metals & Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, ChinaMaanshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Maanshan 243021, ChinaMaanshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Maanshan 243021, ChinaMaanshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Maanshan 243021, ChinaMicroalloyed steels have emerged to replace conventional plain-carbon steels to achieve longer wheel life on Chinese railroads. In this work, with the aim of preventing spalling, a mechanism that consists of ratcheting and shakedown theory correlated with steel properties is systematically investigated. Mechanical and ratcheting tests were carried out for microalloyed wheel steel to which vanadium was added in the range of 0–0.15 wt.% and the results were compared with that obtained for conventional plain-carbon wheel steel. The microstructure and precipitation were characterized via microscopy. As a result, the grain size was not obviously refined, and the pearlite lamellar spacing decreased from 148 nm to 131 nm in microalloyed wheel steel. Moreover, an increase in the number of vanadium carbide precipitates was observed, which were mainly dispersed and uneven, and precipitated in the pro-eutectoid ferrite region, in contrast to the observation of lower precipitation in the pearlite. It has been found that vanadium addition can lead to an increase in yield strength by precipitation strengthening, with no reduction or increase in tensile strength, elongation or hardness. The ratcheting strain rate for microalloyed wheel steel was determined to be lower than that for plain-carbon wheel steel via asymmetrical cyclic stressing tests. An increase in the pro-eutectoid ferrite content leads to beneficial wear, which can diminish spalling and surface-initiated RCF.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/1972rolling contact fatiguewheel steelratchetingmicroalloyingmicrostructure |
| spellingShingle | Tao Cong Bo Jiang Qiang Zou Sancheng Yao Influence of Microalloying on the Microstructures and Properties of Spalling-Resistant Wheel Steel Materials rolling contact fatigue wheel steel ratcheting microalloying microstructure |
| title | Influence of Microalloying on the Microstructures and Properties of Spalling-Resistant Wheel Steel |
| title_full | Influence of Microalloying on the Microstructures and Properties of Spalling-Resistant Wheel Steel |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Microalloying on the Microstructures and Properties of Spalling-Resistant Wheel Steel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Microalloying on the Microstructures and Properties of Spalling-Resistant Wheel Steel |
| title_short | Influence of Microalloying on the Microstructures and Properties of Spalling-Resistant Wheel Steel |
| title_sort | influence of microalloying on the microstructures and properties of spalling resistant wheel steel |
| topic | rolling contact fatigue wheel steel ratcheting microalloying microstructure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/1972 |
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