A Multidisciplinary Review of the Inka Imperial Resettlement Policy and Implications for Future Investigations

The rulers of the Inka empire conquered approximately 2 million km<sup>2</sup> of the South American Andes in just under 100 years from 1438–1533 CE. Inside the empire, the elite conducted a systematic resettlement of the many Indigenous peoples in the Andes that had been rapidly colonis...

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Main Authors: Roberta Davidson, Lars Fehren-Schmitz, Bastien Llamas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-02-01
Series:Genes
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/2/215
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author Roberta Davidson
Lars Fehren-Schmitz
Bastien Llamas
author_facet Roberta Davidson
Lars Fehren-Schmitz
Bastien Llamas
author_sort Roberta Davidson
collection DOAJ
description The rulers of the Inka empire conquered approximately 2 million km<sup>2</sup> of the South American Andes in just under 100 years from 1438–1533 CE. Inside the empire, the elite conducted a systematic resettlement of the many Indigenous peoples in the Andes that had been rapidly colonised. The nature of this resettlement phenomenon is recorded within the Spanish colonial ethnohistorical record. Here we have broadly characterised the resettlement policy, despite the often incomplete and conflicting details in the descriptions. We then review research from multiple disciplines that investigate the empirical reality of the Inka resettlement policy, including stable isotope analysis, intentional cranial deformation morphology, ceramic artefact chemical analyses and genetics. Further, we discuss the benefits and limitations of each discipline for investigating the resettlement policy and emphasise their collective value in an interdisciplinary characterisation of the resettlement policy.
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spelling doaj.art-44c2f4e92d0d488f9e7e259c0b635bc72023-12-03T12:06:09ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252021-02-0112221510.3390/genes12020215A Multidisciplinary Review of the Inka Imperial Resettlement Policy and Implications for Future InvestigationsRoberta Davidson0Lars Fehren-Schmitz1Bastien Llamas2Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA 5005, AustraliaUCSC Paleogenomics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAAustralian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA 5005, AustraliaThe rulers of the Inka empire conquered approximately 2 million km<sup>2</sup> of the South American Andes in just under 100 years from 1438–1533 CE. Inside the empire, the elite conducted a systematic resettlement of the many Indigenous peoples in the Andes that had been rapidly colonised. The nature of this resettlement phenomenon is recorded within the Spanish colonial ethnohistorical record. Here we have broadly characterised the resettlement policy, despite the often incomplete and conflicting details in the descriptions. We then review research from multiple disciplines that investigate the empirical reality of the Inka resettlement policy, including stable isotope analysis, intentional cranial deformation morphology, ceramic artefact chemical analyses and genetics. Further, we discuss the benefits and limitations of each discipline for investigating the resettlement policy and emphasise their collective value in an interdisciplinary characterisation of the resettlement policy.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/2/215Inkainterdisciplinaryethnohistoryisotopespaleogeneticsresettlement
spellingShingle Roberta Davidson
Lars Fehren-Schmitz
Bastien Llamas
A Multidisciplinary Review of the Inka Imperial Resettlement Policy and Implications for Future Investigations
Genes
Inka
interdisciplinary
ethnohistory
isotopes
paleogenetics
resettlement
title A Multidisciplinary Review of the Inka Imperial Resettlement Policy and Implications for Future Investigations
title_full A Multidisciplinary Review of the Inka Imperial Resettlement Policy and Implications for Future Investigations
title_fullStr A Multidisciplinary Review of the Inka Imperial Resettlement Policy and Implications for Future Investigations
title_full_unstemmed A Multidisciplinary Review of the Inka Imperial Resettlement Policy and Implications for Future Investigations
title_short A Multidisciplinary Review of the Inka Imperial Resettlement Policy and Implications for Future Investigations
title_sort multidisciplinary review of the inka imperial resettlement policy and implications for future investigations
topic Inka
interdisciplinary
ethnohistory
isotopes
paleogenetics
resettlement
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/2/215
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