Genetic Diversity of Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> in Yunnan, China
The stripe rust of wheat is one of the devastating diseases in China, which is caused by fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> (<i>Pst</i>). The Yunnan Province of China is located in the south-western part, and holds distinctive geographical an...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| author | Md. Ashraful Alam Haoxing Li Akbar Hossain Mingju Li |
| author_facet | Md. Ashraful Alam Haoxing Li Akbar Hossain Mingju Li |
| author_sort | Md. Ashraful Alam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The stripe rust of wheat is one of the devastating diseases in China, which is caused by fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> (<i>Pst</i>). The Yunnan Province of China is located in the south-western part, and holds distinctive geographical and climate features, while wheat growth and epidemics of stripe rust fungus are fully dissimilar to the major wheat-growing regions of China. It is important to discover its origin and migration to control the disease. In this study, 352 isolates were sampled from 11 spots of the Yunnan Province during the wheat growing season from 2004 to 2015 and analyzed with SNPs markers of housekeeping genes. Results revealed that 220 haplotypes were inferred from the concatenating sequences; among them, 5 haplotypes (<i>viz</i>., ‘H86′, ‘H18′, ‘H8′, ‘H15′ and ‘H23′) comprised over 24.5% of the population. The haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity, mutation rate and recombination events were 0.992, 6.04 × 10<sup>−3</sup>, 4.46 × 10<sup>−3</sup> and 18.0 respectively, which revealed the genetic diversity of <i>Pst</i> populations among all locations. Four grouping methods, such as UPGMA-tree, PCA, PLS-DA and STRUCTURE, were employed for the categorization of the <i>Pst</i> populations conferring to their races and topographical localities. All methods were found significant and mostly had co-linear relations with each other. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) conferred total variation was 9.09%, and 86.20% of variation was within the populations. The current study also exposed a comparatively high genetic multiplicity within the population, while low genetic inconsistency among the populations. Furthermore, the molecular records on the gene pole (<i>Nm</i> = 18.45) established that the migration of the stripe rust pathogen occurred among all locations in Yunnan province. The ancestral haplotype was detected in Yuxi. Based on the trajectories of upper airflow and genetic diversity of <i>Pst</i> populations in different locations, it is suggested that the locations Dehong, Dali, Lincang and Baoshan are probably a major source of <i>Pst</i> in Yunnan. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-44d0d6a6162e45868066cca78ede79eb2023-11-22T09:20:54ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-08-01108173510.3390/plants10081735Genetic Diversity of Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> in Yunnan, ChinaMd. Ashraful Alam0Haoxing Li1Akbar Hossain2Mingju Li3Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, ChinaYunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, ChinaBangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, BangladeshYunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests, Agricultural Environment and Resource Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, ChinaThe stripe rust of wheat is one of the devastating diseases in China, which is caused by fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> (<i>Pst</i>). The Yunnan Province of China is located in the south-western part, and holds distinctive geographical and climate features, while wheat growth and epidemics of stripe rust fungus are fully dissimilar to the major wheat-growing regions of China. It is important to discover its origin and migration to control the disease. In this study, 352 isolates were sampled from 11 spots of the Yunnan Province during the wheat growing season from 2004 to 2015 and analyzed with SNPs markers of housekeeping genes. Results revealed that 220 haplotypes were inferred from the concatenating sequences; among them, 5 haplotypes (<i>viz</i>., ‘H86′, ‘H18′, ‘H8′, ‘H15′ and ‘H23′) comprised over 24.5% of the population. The haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity, mutation rate and recombination events were 0.992, 6.04 × 10<sup>−3</sup>, 4.46 × 10<sup>−3</sup> and 18.0 respectively, which revealed the genetic diversity of <i>Pst</i> populations among all locations. Four grouping methods, such as UPGMA-tree, PCA, PLS-DA and STRUCTURE, were employed for the categorization of the <i>Pst</i> populations conferring to their races and topographical localities. All methods were found significant and mostly had co-linear relations with each other. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) conferred total variation was 9.09%, and 86.20% of variation was within the populations. The current study also exposed a comparatively high genetic multiplicity within the population, while low genetic inconsistency among the populations. Furthermore, the molecular records on the gene pole (<i>Nm</i> = 18.45) established that the migration of the stripe rust pathogen occurred among all locations in Yunnan province. The ancestral haplotype was detected in Yuxi. Based on the trajectories of upper airflow and genetic diversity of <i>Pst</i> populations in different locations, it is suggested that the locations Dehong, Dali, Lincang and Baoshan are probably a major source of <i>Pst</i> in Yunnan.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/8/1735genetic diversitypopulation structurewheat<i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>Yunnan ProvinceChina |
| spellingShingle | Md. Ashraful Alam Haoxing Li Akbar Hossain Mingju Li Genetic Diversity of Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> in Yunnan, China Plants genetic diversity population structure wheat <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> Yunnan Province China |
| title | Genetic Diversity of Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> in Yunnan, China |
| title_full | Genetic Diversity of Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> in Yunnan, China |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Diversity of Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> in Yunnan, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Diversity of Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> in Yunnan, China |
| title_short | Genetic Diversity of Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> in Yunnan, China |
| title_sort | genetic diversity of wheat stripe rust fungus i puccinia striiformis i f sp i tritici i in yunnan china |
| topic | genetic diversity population structure wheat <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> Yunnan Province China |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/8/1735 |
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