Prevalence of small airway dysfunction in the Swiss PneumoLaus Cohort
Background Recent evidence identified exposure to particulate matter of size ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) as a risk factor for high prevalence of small airway dysfunction (SAD). We assessed the prevalence of SAD in a European region with low air pollution levels. Methods SAD was defined as a maximum mid-expirato...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Respiratory Society
2023-09-01
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| Series: | ERJ Open Research |
| Online Access: | http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/9/5/00381-2023.full |
| _version_ | 1797629334765174784 |
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| author | Brice Touilloux Cedric Bongard Benoit Lechartier Minh Khoa Truong Pedro Marques-Vidal Peter Vollenweider Julien Vaucher Alessio Casutt Christophe von Garnier |
| author_facet | Brice Touilloux Cedric Bongard Benoit Lechartier Minh Khoa Truong Pedro Marques-Vidal Peter Vollenweider Julien Vaucher Alessio Casutt Christophe von Garnier |
| author_sort | Brice Touilloux |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background
Recent evidence identified exposure to particulate matter of size ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) as a risk factor for high prevalence of small airway dysfunction (SAD). We assessed the prevalence of SAD in a European region with low air pollution levels.
Methods
SAD was defined as a maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) <65% of predicted value (PV) or MMEF <lower limit of normal (LLN) measured by spirometry in the Swiss PneumoLaus cohort. We performed bivariate and multivariable analysis with MMEF criteria, age, sex, body mass index, respiratory symptoms and smoking status. Mean PM2.5 values were obtained from a Swiss national database.
Results
Among 3351 participants (97.6% Caucasian, 55.7% female sex, mean age 62.7 years), we observed MMEF <65% PV in 425 (12.7%) and MMEF <LLN in 167 (5.0%) individuals. None of the participants had both MMEF <LLN and ≥65% PV. MMEF <65% PV and MMEF <LLN were significantly associated with age, smoking status, cough, sputum and dyspnoea, whereas a positive association with MMEF <65% PV was observed for individuals aged >65 years only. In an area where ambient PM2.5 concentration was <15 µg·m−3 during the observation period (2010 and 2020), ≥72% of participants with SAD were ever-smokers.
Conclusions
The observed low prevalence of SAD of 5.0–12.7% depending on criteria employed may be related to lower PM2.5 exposure. Smoking was the main factor associated with SAD in an area with low PM2.5 exposure. Employing a MMEF threshold <65% PV carries a risk of SAD overdiagnosis in elderly individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:51:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-44d3a1e9f0034bdb84104e003f34d08b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2312-0541 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:51:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | European Respiratory Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | ERJ Open Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-44d3a1e9f0034bdb84104e003f34d08b2023-11-13T14:27:49ZengEuropean Respiratory SocietyERJ Open Research2312-05412023-09-019510.1183/23120541.00381-202300381-2023Prevalence of small airway dysfunction in the Swiss PneumoLaus CohortBrice Touilloux0Cedric Bongard1Benoit Lechartier2Minh Khoa Truong3Pedro Marques-Vidal4Peter Vollenweider5Julien Vaucher6Alessio Casutt7Christophe von Garnier8 Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, CHUV and UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, CHUV and UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, CHUV and UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland Background Recent evidence identified exposure to particulate matter of size ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) as a risk factor for high prevalence of small airway dysfunction (SAD). We assessed the prevalence of SAD in a European region with low air pollution levels. Methods SAD was defined as a maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) <65% of predicted value (PV) or MMEF <lower limit of normal (LLN) measured by spirometry in the Swiss PneumoLaus cohort. We performed bivariate and multivariable analysis with MMEF criteria, age, sex, body mass index, respiratory symptoms and smoking status. Mean PM2.5 values were obtained from a Swiss national database. Results Among 3351 participants (97.6% Caucasian, 55.7% female sex, mean age 62.7 years), we observed MMEF <65% PV in 425 (12.7%) and MMEF <LLN in 167 (5.0%) individuals. None of the participants had both MMEF <LLN and ≥65% PV. MMEF <65% PV and MMEF <LLN were significantly associated with age, smoking status, cough, sputum and dyspnoea, whereas a positive association with MMEF <65% PV was observed for individuals aged >65 years only. In an area where ambient PM2.5 concentration was <15 µg·m−3 during the observation period (2010 and 2020), ≥72% of participants with SAD were ever-smokers. Conclusions The observed low prevalence of SAD of 5.0–12.7% depending on criteria employed may be related to lower PM2.5 exposure. Smoking was the main factor associated with SAD in an area with low PM2.5 exposure. Employing a MMEF threshold <65% PV carries a risk of SAD overdiagnosis in elderly individuals.http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/9/5/00381-2023.full |
| spellingShingle | Brice Touilloux Cedric Bongard Benoit Lechartier Minh Khoa Truong Pedro Marques-Vidal Peter Vollenweider Julien Vaucher Alessio Casutt Christophe von Garnier Prevalence of small airway dysfunction in the Swiss PneumoLaus Cohort ERJ Open Research |
| title | Prevalence of small airway dysfunction in the Swiss PneumoLaus Cohort |
| title_full | Prevalence of small airway dysfunction in the Swiss PneumoLaus Cohort |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of small airway dysfunction in the Swiss PneumoLaus Cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of small airway dysfunction in the Swiss PneumoLaus Cohort |
| title_short | Prevalence of small airway dysfunction in the Swiss PneumoLaus Cohort |
| title_sort | prevalence of small airway dysfunction in the swiss pneumolaus cohort |
| url | http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/9/5/00381-2023.full |
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