Influence of battery power setting on carbonyl emissions from electronic cigarettes
Introduction Although e-cigarettes share common features such as power units, heating elements and e-liquids, the variability in design and possibility for customization represent potential risks for consumers. A main health concern is the exposure to carbonyl compounds, which are formed from the ma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Publishing
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/Influence-of-battery-power-setting-on-carbonyl-emissions-from-electronic-cigarettes,126406,0,2.html |
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| author | Zuzana Zelinkova Thomas Wenzl |
| author_facet | Zuzana Zelinkova Thomas Wenzl |
| author_sort | Zuzana Zelinkova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction
Although e-cigarettes share common features such as power units,
heating elements and e-liquids, the variability in design and possibility for
customization represent potential risks for consumers. A main health concern is
the exposure to carbonyl compounds, which are formed from the main components
of e-liquids, propylene glycol and glycerol, through thermal decomposition. Levels
of carbonyl emissions in e-cigarette aerosols depend, amongst others, on the
power supplied to the coil. Thus, e-cigarettes with adjustable power outputs
might lead to high exposures to carbonyls if the users increase the power output
excessively. The aim of this work was to elucidate the generation of carbonyls in
relation to undue battery power setting.
Material and Methods
Carbonyl emissions were generated by two modular e-cigarettes equipped
with two atomizers containing coils of different resistance following the ISO
20768:2018 method. The battery power output was increased from the lower
wattage level to above the power range recommended by the producer. Carbonyls
were trapped by a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) solution and analysed by
LC-MS/MS.
Results
The amount of carbonyl emissions increased with increasing power setting.
An exponential incline was observed when the applied power level exceeded the
recommended power range. Exceeding the recommended power range by just
5 watts resulted in up to twenty times the amount of carbonyls emitted at the
recommended upper power level. Generation of acetaldehyde and acrolein next
to other carbonyls was prominent at high power outputs.
Conclusions
E-cigarettes with customisable power setting might generate high
amounts of carbonyls if the battery power output is set by the consumer to levels
above the recommended range. This represents a high risk of exposure to carbonyls
and thus should be avoided by integrating safety features in e-cigarette devices
to limit the possible power settings to the range specified by the manufacturer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T20:16:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-44d7f67e87e24163ab24abbdde9ba2b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1617-9625 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T20:16:37Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | European Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-44d7f67e87e24163ab24abbdde9ba2b12022-12-21T23:32:47ZengEuropean PublishingTobacco Induced Diseases1617-96252020-09-0118September1510.18332/tid/126406126406Influence of battery power setting on carbonyl emissions from electronic cigarettesZuzana Zelinkova0Thomas Wenzl1Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Geel, BelgiumJoint Research Centre, European Commission, Geel, BelgiumIntroduction Although e-cigarettes share common features such as power units, heating elements and e-liquids, the variability in design and possibility for customization represent potential risks for consumers. A main health concern is the exposure to carbonyl compounds, which are formed from the main components of e-liquids, propylene glycol and glycerol, through thermal decomposition. Levels of carbonyl emissions in e-cigarette aerosols depend, amongst others, on the power supplied to the coil. Thus, e-cigarettes with adjustable power outputs might lead to high exposures to carbonyls if the users increase the power output excessively. The aim of this work was to elucidate the generation of carbonyls in relation to undue battery power setting. Material and Methods Carbonyl emissions were generated by two modular e-cigarettes equipped with two atomizers containing coils of different resistance following the ISO 20768:2018 method. The battery power output was increased from the lower wattage level to above the power range recommended by the producer. Carbonyls were trapped by a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) solution and analysed by LC-MS/MS. Results The amount of carbonyl emissions increased with increasing power setting. An exponential incline was observed when the applied power level exceeded the recommended power range. Exceeding the recommended power range by just 5 watts resulted in up to twenty times the amount of carbonyls emitted at the recommended upper power level. Generation of acetaldehyde and acrolein next to other carbonyls was prominent at high power outputs. Conclusions E-cigarettes with customisable power setting might generate high amounts of carbonyls if the battery power output is set by the consumer to levels above the recommended range. This represents a high risk of exposure to carbonyls and thus should be avoided by integrating safety features in e-cigarette devices to limit the possible power settings to the range specified by the manufacturer.http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/Influence-of-battery-power-setting-on-carbonyl-emissions-from-electronic-cigarettes,126406,0,2.htmlemissionelectronic cigarettesvapingcarbonylspower setting |
| spellingShingle | Zuzana Zelinkova Thomas Wenzl Influence of battery power setting on carbonyl emissions from electronic cigarettes Tobacco Induced Diseases emission electronic cigarettes vaping carbonyls power setting |
| title | Influence of battery power setting on carbonyl emissions
from electronic cigarettes |
| title_full | Influence of battery power setting on carbonyl emissions
from electronic cigarettes |
| title_fullStr | Influence of battery power setting on carbonyl emissions
from electronic cigarettes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of battery power setting on carbonyl emissions
from electronic cigarettes |
| title_short | Influence of battery power setting on carbonyl emissions
from electronic cigarettes |
| title_sort | influence of battery power setting on carbonyl emissions from electronic cigarettes |
| topic | emission electronic cigarettes vaping carbonyls power setting |
| url | http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/Influence-of-battery-power-setting-on-carbonyl-emissions-from-electronic-cigarettes,126406,0,2.html |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zuzanazelinkova influenceofbatterypowersettingoncarbonylemissionsfromelectroniccigarettes AT thomaswenzl influenceofbatterypowersettingoncarbonylemissionsfromelectroniccigarettes |