Assessment of the Suitability of the One-Step Hydrothermal Method for Preparation of Non-Covalently/Covalently-Bonded TiO2/Graphene-Based Hybrids
A hybrid nanocomposites containing nanocrystalline TiO2 and graphene-related materials (graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide) were successfully prepared by mechanical mixing and the hydrothermal method in the high-pressure atmosphere. The presented X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study an...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/9/647 |
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| author | Ewelina Kusiak-Nejman Dariusz Moszyński Joanna Kapica-Kozar Agnieszka Wanag Antoni W. Morawski |
| author_facet | Ewelina Kusiak-Nejman Dariusz Moszyński Joanna Kapica-Kozar Agnieszka Wanag Antoni W. Morawski |
| author_sort | Ewelina Kusiak-Nejman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A hybrid nanocomposites containing nanocrystalline TiO2 and graphene-related materials (graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide) were successfully prepared by mechanical mixing and the hydrothermal method in the high-pressure atmosphere. The presented X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study and quantitative elemental analysis confirm similar content of carbon in graphene oxide GO (52 wt% and 46 wt%, respectively) and reduced graphene oxide rGO (92 wt% and 98 wt%, respectively). No chemical interactions between TiO2 and GO/rGO was found. TiO2 nanoparticles were loaded on GO or rGO flakes. However, Fourier transform infrared-diffuse reflection spectroscopy (FTIR/DRS) allowed finding peaks characteristic of GO and rGO. XPS study shows that since the concentration of TiO2 in the samples was no less than 95 wt%, it was assumed that the interactions between TiO2 and graphene should not influence the lower layers of titanium atoms in the TiO2 and they occurred as Ti4+ ions. Hydrothermal treatment at 200 °C did not cause the reduction of GO to rGO in TiO2-GO nanocomposites. In general, the one-step hydrothermal method must be considered to be inefficient for preparation of chemically-bonded composites synthesized from commercially available TiO2 and unfunctionalized graphene sheets obtained from graphite powder. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:21:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-44de25b13ed146d3a1f0acb4c6c2bd74 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:21:59Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-44de25b13ed146d3a1f0acb4c6c2bd742022-12-22T01:02:51ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912018-08-018964710.3390/nano8090647nano8090647Assessment of the Suitability of the One-Step Hydrothermal Method for Preparation of Non-Covalently/Covalently-Bonded TiO2/Graphene-Based HybridsEwelina Kusiak-Nejman0Dariusz Moszyński1Joanna Kapica-Kozar2Agnieszka Wanag3Antoni W. Morawski4Institute of Inorganic Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, PolandInstitute of Inorganic Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, PolandInstitute of Inorganic Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, PolandInstitute of Inorganic Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, PolandInstitute of Inorganic Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, PolandA hybrid nanocomposites containing nanocrystalline TiO2 and graphene-related materials (graphene oxide or reduced graphene oxide) were successfully prepared by mechanical mixing and the hydrothermal method in the high-pressure atmosphere. The presented X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study and quantitative elemental analysis confirm similar content of carbon in graphene oxide GO (52 wt% and 46 wt%, respectively) and reduced graphene oxide rGO (92 wt% and 98 wt%, respectively). No chemical interactions between TiO2 and GO/rGO was found. TiO2 nanoparticles were loaded on GO or rGO flakes. However, Fourier transform infrared-diffuse reflection spectroscopy (FTIR/DRS) allowed finding peaks characteristic of GO and rGO. XPS study shows that since the concentration of TiO2 in the samples was no less than 95 wt%, it was assumed that the interactions between TiO2 and graphene should not influence the lower layers of titanium atoms in the TiO2 and they occurred as Ti4+ ions. Hydrothermal treatment at 200 °C did not cause the reduction of GO to rGO in TiO2-GO nanocomposites. In general, the one-step hydrothermal method must be considered to be inefficient for preparation of chemically-bonded composites synthesized from commercially available TiO2 and unfunctionalized graphene sheets obtained from graphite powder.http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/9/647TiO2graphenehybrid compositeshydrothermal methodTiO2-graphene bonding |
| spellingShingle | Ewelina Kusiak-Nejman Dariusz Moszyński Joanna Kapica-Kozar Agnieszka Wanag Antoni W. Morawski Assessment of the Suitability of the One-Step Hydrothermal Method for Preparation of Non-Covalently/Covalently-Bonded TiO2/Graphene-Based Hybrids Nanomaterials TiO2 graphene hybrid composites hydrothermal method TiO2-graphene bonding |
| title | Assessment of the Suitability of the One-Step Hydrothermal Method for Preparation of Non-Covalently/Covalently-Bonded TiO2/Graphene-Based Hybrids |
| title_full | Assessment of the Suitability of the One-Step Hydrothermal Method for Preparation of Non-Covalently/Covalently-Bonded TiO2/Graphene-Based Hybrids |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the Suitability of the One-Step Hydrothermal Method for Preparation of Non-Covalently/Covalently-Bonded TiO2/Graphene-Based Hybrids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the Suitability of the One-Step Hydrothermal Method for Preparation of Non-Covalently/Covalently-Bonded TiO2/Graphene-Based Hybrids |
| title_short | Assessment of the Suitability of the One-Step Hydrothermal Method for Preparation of Non-Covalently/Covalently-Bonded TiO2/Graphene-Based Hybrids |
| title_sort | assessment of the suitability of the one step hydrothermal method for preparation of non covalently covalently bonded tio2 graphene based hybrids |
| topic | TiO2 graphene hybrid composites hydrothermal method TiO2-graphene bonding |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/9/647 |
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