Intriguing Role of Proline in Redox Potential Conferring High Temperature Stress Tolerance
Proline is a proteinogenic amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ornithine. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase are the two key enzymes involved in proline synthesis from glutamate. On the other hand, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase converts ornithine to pyrroli...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.867531/full |
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| author | P. B. Kavi Kishor Prashanth Suravajhala P. Rathnagiri Nese Sreenivasulu |
| author_facet | P. B. Kavi Kishor Prashanth Suravajhala P. Rathnagiri Nese Sreenivasulu |
| author_sort | P. B. Kavi Kishor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Proline is a proteinogenic amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ornithine. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase are the two key enzymes involved in proline synthesis from glutamate. On the other hand, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase converts ornithine to pyrroline 5-carboxylate (P5C), an intermediate in the synthesis of proline as well as glutamate. Both proline dehydrogenase and P5C dehydrogenase convert proline back to glutamate. Proline accumulation is widespread in response to environmental challenges such as high temperatures, and it is known to defend plants against unpropitious situations promoting plant growth and flowering. While proline accumulation is positively correlated with heat stress tolerance in some crops, it has detrimental consequences in others. Although it has been established that proline is a key osmolyte, its exact physiological function during heat stress and plant ontogeny remains unknown. Emerging evidence pointed out its role as an overriding molecule in alleviating high temperature stress (HTS) by quenching singlet oxygen and superoxide radicals. Proline cycle acts as a shuttle and the redox couple (NAD+/NADH, NADP+/NADPH) appears to be highly crucial for energy transfer among different cellular compartments during plant development, exposure to HTS conditions and also during the recovery of stress. In this review, the progress made in recent years regarding its involvement in heat stress tolerance is highlighted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T03:47:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-44dfb8a1c0864b3995394c28f085f1a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T03:47:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-44dfb8a1c0864b3995394c28f085f1a22022-12-22T00:39:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-06-011310.3389/fpls.2022.867531867531Intriguing Role of Proline in Redox Potential Conferring High Temperature Stress ToleranceP. B. Kavi Kishor0Prashanth Suravajhala1P. Rathnagiri2Nese Sreenivasulu3Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to Be University), Guntur, IndiaAmrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to Be University), Guntur, IndiaConsumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Research Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, PhilippinesProline is a proteinogenic amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ornithine. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase are the two key enzymes involved in proline synthesis from glutamate. On the other hand, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase converts ornithine to pyrroline 5-carboxylate (P5C), an intermediate in the synthesis of proline as well as glutamate. Both proline dehydrogenase and P5C dehydrogenase convert proline back to glutamate. Proline accumulation is widespread in response to environmental challenges such as high temperatures, and it is known to defend plants against unpropitious situations promoting plant growth and flowering. While proline accumulation is positively correlated with heat stress tolerance in some crops, it has detrimental consequences in others. Although it has been established that proline is a key osmolyte, its exact physiological function during heat stress and plant ontogeny remains unknown. Emerging evidence pointed out its role as an overriding molecule in alleviating high temperature stress (HTS) by quenching singlet oxygen and superoxide radicals. Proline cycle acts as a shuttle and the redox couple (NAD+/NADH, NADP+/NADPH) appears to be highly crucial for energy transfer among different cellular compartments during plant development, exposure to HTS conditions and also during the recovery of stress. In this review, the progress made in recent years regarding its involvement in heat stress tolerance is highlighted.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.867531/fullheat stressproline cycleradical scavengingreactive oxygen speciesredox couple |
| spellingShingle | P. B. Kavi Kishor Prashanth Suravajhala P. Rathnagiri Nese Sreenivasulu Intriguing Role of Proline in Redox Potential Conferring High Temperature Stress Tolerance Frontiers in Plant Science heat stress proline cycle radical scavenging reactive oxygen species redox couple |
| title | Intriguing Role of Proline in Redox Potential Conferring High Temperature Stress Tolerance |
| title_full | Intriguing Role of Proline in Redox Potential Conferring High Temperature Stress Tolerance |
| title_fullStr | Intriguing Role of Proline in Redox Potential Conferring High Temperature Stress Tolerance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intriguing Role of Proline in Redox Potential Conferring High Temperature Stress Tolerance |
| title_short | Intriguing Role of Proline in Redox Potential Conferring High Temperature Stress Tolerance |
| title_sort | intriguing role of proline in redox potential conferring high temperature stress tolerance |
| topic | heat stress proline cycle radical scavenging reactive oxygen species redox couple |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.867531/full |
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