Strategy of Developing Oral Vaccine Candidates Against Co-infection of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses Based on a Lactobacillus Delivery System
The number of co-infections with multiple porcine diarrhea viruses has increased in recent years. Inducing mucosal immunity through oral immunization is an effective approach for controlling these pathogens. To generate a multi-pathogen vaccine against viral co-infection, we employed the Lactobacill...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.872550/full |
| _version_ | 1811271601616846848 |
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| author | Tiantian Guo Chong Gao Jianhui Hao Xiao Lu Kun Xie Xiaona Wang Jiaxuan Li Han Zhou Wen Cui Zhifu Shan Yanping Jiang Xinyuan Qiao Lijie Tang Li Wang Yijing Li |
| author_facet | Tiantian Guo Chong Gao Jianhui Hao Xiao Lu Kun Xie Xiaona Wang Jiaxuan Li Han Zhou Wen Cui Zhifu Shan Yanping Jiang Xinyuan Qiao Lijie Tang Li Wang Yijing Li |
| author_sort | Tiantian Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The number of co-infections with multiple porcine diarrhea viruses has increased in recent years. Inducing mucosal immunity through oral immunization is an effective approach for controlling these pathogens. To generate a multi-pathogen vaccine against viral co-infection, we employed the Lactobacillus vector platform, which was previously used to generate potent candidate vaccines against various diseases. Two strategies were used to test the protective efficiency of recombinant Lactobacillus against multiple diarrhea viruses. First, we used a mixture of recombinant Lactobacillus separately expressing antigens of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and porcine rotavirus (PoRV). Next, we used a recombinant Lactobacillus expressing an antigen fusion protein of the above viruses. Twenty-four newborn piglets were divided into three groups and orally immunized with a mixture of recombinant Lactobacillus, recombinant Lactobacillus expressing the antigen fusion protein, or sterile phosphate-buffered saline daily for seven consecutive days after birth. After immunization, the piglets were randomly selected from each group for oral administration of PEDV, and these piglets were then cohabited with piglets without PEDV infection for 7 days. The protective effect against PEDV was evaluated based on clinical symptoms, viral shedding, and intestinal pathological damage. Piglets immunized with recombinant Lactobacillus showed specific mucosal and humoral immune responses to the three viruses and were protected against severe diarrhea and intestinal pathology. Our results highlight the potential of an oral multi-pathogen vaccine based on Lactobacillus to prevent transmission and limit the severity of viral co-infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:23:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-44e67646c3934bb58e322bd80f69a4d8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:23:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-44e67646c3934bb58e322bd80f69a4d82022-12-22T03:14:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-04-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.872550872550Strategy of Developing Oral Vaccine Candidates Against Co-infection of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses Based on a Lactobacillus Delivery SystemTiantian GuoChong GaoJianhui HaoXiao LuKun XieXiaona WangJiaxuan LiHan ZhouWen CuiZhifu ShanYanping JiangXinyuan QiaoLijie TangLi WangYijing LiThe number of co-infections with multiple porcine diarrhea viruses has increased in recent years. Inducing mucosal immunity through oral immunization is an effective approach for controlling these pathogens. To generate a multi-pathogen vaccine against viral co-infection, we employed the Lactobacillus vector platform, which was previously used to generate potent candidate vaccines against various diseases. Two strategies were used to test the protective efficiency of recombinant Lactobacillus against multiple diarrhea viruses. First, we used a mixture of recombinant Lactobacillus separately expressing antigens of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and porcine rotavirus (PoRV). Next, we used a recombinant Lactobacillus expressing an antigen fusion protein of the above viruses. Twenty-four newborn piglets were divided into three groups and orally immunized with a mixture of recombinant Lactobacillus, recombinant Lactobacillus expressing the antigen fusion protein, or sterile phosphate-buffered saline daily for seven consecutive days after birth. After immunization, the piglets were randomly selected from each group for oral administration of PEDV, and these piglets were then cohabited with piglets without PEDV infection for 7 days. The protective effect against PEDV was evaluated based on clinical symptoms, viral shedding, and intestinal pathological damage. Piglets immunized with recombinant Lactobacillus showed specific mucosal and humoral immune responses to the three viruses and were protected against severe diarrhea and intestinal pathology. Our results highlight the potential of an oral multi-pathogen vaccine based on Lactobacillus to prevent transmission and limit the severity of viral co-infection.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.872550/fullporcine viral diarrheamucosal immunityLactobacillus caseioral vaccinemulti-vaccine |
| spellingShingle | Tiantian Guo Chong Gao Jianhui Hao Xiao Lu Kun Xie Xiaona Wang Jiaxuan Li Han Zhou Wen Cui Zhifu Shan Yanping Jiang Xinyuan Qiao Lijie Tang Li Wang Yijing Li Strategy of Developing Oral Vaccine Candidates Against Co-infection of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses Based on a Lactobacillus Delivery System Frontiers in Microbiology porcine viral diarrhea mucosal immunity Lactobacillus casei oral vaccine multi-vaccine |
| title | Strategy of Developing Oral Vaccine Candidates Against Co-infection of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses Based on a Lactobacillus Delivery System |
| title_full | Strategy of Developing Oral Vaccine Candidates Against Co-infection of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses Based on a Lactobacillus Delivery System |
| title_fullStr | Strategy of Developing Oral Vaccine Candidates Against Co-infection of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses Based on a Lactobacillus Delivery System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Strategy of Developing Oral Vaccine Candidates Against Co-infection of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses Based on a Lactobacillus Delivery System |
| title_short | Strategy of Developing Oral Vaccine Candidates Against Co-infection of Porcine Diarrhea Viruses Based on a Lactobacillus Delivery System |
| title_sort | strategy of developing oral vaccine candidates against co infection of porcine diarrhea viruses based on a lactobacillus delivery system |
| topic | porcine viral diarrhea mucosal immunity Lactobacillus casei oral vaccine multi-vaccine |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.872550/full |
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