Scale dependence of controls on groundwater vulnerability in the water–energy–food nexus, California Coastal Basin aquifer system
Study region: The Coastal California basin aquifer system (CCB), USA. Study focus: Understanding the controls on nonpoint source (NPS) nitrate (NO3−) contamination in groundwater is motivated by the widespread detection of NO3−, implications for human health and aquatic ecosystems, groundwater susta...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2017-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581816000057 |
| _version_ | 1818114353493180416 |
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| author | Jason J. Gurdak Gabriela E. Geyer Leora Nanus Makoto Taniguchi Claudia R. Corona |
| author_facet | Jason J. Gurdak Gabriela E. Geyer Leora Nanus Makoto Taniguchi Claudia R. Corona |
| author_sort | Jason J. Gurdak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Study region: The Coastal California basin aquifer system (CCB), USA.
Study focus: Understanding the controls on nonpoint source (NPS) nitrate (NO3−) contamination in groundwater is motivated by the widespread detection of NO3−, implications for human health and aquatic ecosystems, groundwater sustainability, and a growing realization that such understanding across spatial scales promotes management and policy choices that optimize the Water–Energy–Food (WEF) Nexus. In the CCB, the conflicts in the WEF Nexus are apparent because of intensive agricultural practices that have contributed to chronic NO3− loading to groundwater. We evaluate the scale-dependent relations among source, transport, and attenuation (STA) factors that control NPS NO3− contamination in recently recharged CCB groundwater. Logistic regression models are presented for sub-regional and regional model domains.
New hydrological insights for the region: Dissolved oxygen (DO) (attenuation) in groundwater is often the most significant STA factor in all model domains, indicating that DO is an important, scale-invariant factor controlling NPS NO3− contamination. Farm fertilizer (source) is also a significant scale-invariant factor, while many of the transport factors are scale-dependent factors. We present vulnerability maps that illustrate the spatial patterns of predicted probability of detected elevated NO3−. Findings here improve knowledge about the scale dependence of STA factors, which help decision makers develop best management strategies and policies that advances groundwater sustainability and optimizes the WEF Nexus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:49:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-44f0256d923e4335a2666b23ad47a991 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2214-5818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:49:23Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies |
| spelling | doaj.art-44f0256d923e4335a2666b23ad47a9912022-12-22T01:21:56ZengElsevierJournal of Hydrology: Regional Studies2214-58182017-06-0111C12613810.1016/j.ejrh.2016.01.002Scale dependence of controls on groundwater vulnerability in the water–energy–food nexus, California Coastal Basin aquifer systemJason J. Gurdak0Gabriela E. Geyer1Leora Nanus2Makoto Taniguchi3Claudia R. Corona4San Francisco State University, Department of Earth & Climate Sciences, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94010, United StatesSan Francisco State University, Department of Earth & Climate Sciences, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94010, United StatesSan Francisco State University, Department of Geography and Environment, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94010, United StatesResearch Institute for Humanity and Nature, 335 Takashima-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0878, JapanSan Francisco State University, Department of Earth & Climate Sciences, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94010, United StatesStudy region: The Coastal California basin aquifer system (CCB), USA. Study focus: Understanding the controls on nonpoint source (NPS) nitrate (NO3−) contamination in groundwater is motivated by the widespread detection of NO3−, implications for human health and aquatic ecosystems, groundwater sustainability, and a growing realization that such understanding across spatial scales promotes management and policy choices that optimize the Water–Energy–Food (WEF) Nexus. In the CCB, the conflicts in the WEF Nexus are apparent because of intensive agricultural practices that have contributed to chronic NO3− loading to groundwater. We evaluate the scale-dependent relations among source, transport, and attenuation (STA) factors that control NPS NO3− contamination in recently recharged CCB groundwater. Logistic regression models are presented for sub-regional and regional model domains. New hydrological insights for the region: Dissolved oxygen (DO) (attenuation) in groundwater is often the most significant STA factor in all model domains, indicating that DO is an important, scale-invariant factor controlling NPS NO3− contamination. Farm fertilizer (source) is also a significant scale-invariant factor, while many of the transport factors are scale-dependent factors. We present vulnerability maps that illustrate the spatial patterns of predicted probability of detected elevated NO3−. Findings here improve knowledge about the scale dependence of STA factors, which help decision makers develop best management strategies and policies that advances groundwater sustainability and optimizes the WEF Nexus.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581816000057GroundwaterNitrateContaminationWater–energy–food nexus |
| spellingShingle | Jason J. Gurdak Gabriela E. Geyer Leora Nanus Makoto Taniguchi Claudia R. Corona Scale dependence of controls on groundwater vulnerability in the water–energy–food nexus, California Coastal Basin aquifer system Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies Groundwater Nitrate Contamination Water–energy–food nexus |
| title | Scale dependence of controls on groundwater vulnerability in the water–energy–food nexus, California Coastal Basin aquifer system |
| title_full | Scale dependence of controls on groundwater vulnerability in the water–energy–food nexus, California Coastal Basin aquifer system |
| title_fullStr | Scale dependence of controls on groundwater vulnerability in the water–energy–food nexus, California Coastal Basin aquifer system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scale dependence of controls on groundwater vulnerability in the water–energy–food nexus, California Coastal Basin aquifer system |
| title_short | Scale dependence of controls on groundwater vulnerability in the water–energy–food nexus, California Coastal Basin aquifer system |
| title_sort | scale dependence of controls on groundwater vulnerability in the water energy food nexus california coastal basin aquifer system |
| topic | Groundwater Nitrate Contamination Water–energy–food nexus |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581816000057 |
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