Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles of Seven Edible Insects: Focus on Lipid Class Composition and Protein Conversion Factors
This study is based on the fatty acid and amino acid profiles of seven edible insect species: <i>Acheta domesticus</i>, <i>Alphitobius diaperinus</i>, <i>Blaptica dubia</i>, <i>Galleria mellonella</i>, <i>Locusta migratoria</i>, <i>Te...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/22/4090 |
| _version_ | 1797459318810869760 |
|---|---|
| author | Cristina Perez-Santaescolastica Ilse de Pril Ilse van de Voorde Ilse Fraeye |
| author_facet | Cristina Perez-Santaescolastica Ilse de Pril Ilse van de Voorde Ilse Fraeye |
| author_sort | Cristina Perez-Santaescolastica |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study is based on the fatty acid and amino acid profiles of seven edible insect species: <i>Acheta domesticus</i>, <i>Alphitobius diaperinus</i>, <i>Blaptica dubia</i>, <i>Galleria mellonella</i>, <i>Locusta migratoria</i>, <i>Tenebrio molitor,</i> and <i>Zophobas morio</i>. The aim of the present study is to provide new data on the fatty acid distributions among lipid classes as well as the species-specific protein conversion factor (Kp) of a wide range of insects in order to further improve the nutritional characterisation of insects as food. Oleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in all insects except for <i>A. domesticus</i>, in which a significantly higher percentage of linoleic acid was found. The majority of the lipids were neutral lipids. A significant amount of α-linolenic acid in the phospholipid fraction of <i>L. migratoria</i> was shown, while in <i>T. molitor,</i> phospholipids were the only fraction in which a measurable amount of docosahexaenoic acid was found. Overall, in most insects, the phospholipid fraction had the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid content compared to the other classes, which may be protective in terms of auto-oxidative stability. Kp values in the range of 4.17 to 6.43 were obtained. Within the nutritional quality indices, all insects showed healthy fatty acids and high-quality amino acid profiles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:49:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-45355201b2034fa9a339da930b644511 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:49:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-45355201b2034fa9a339da930b6445112023-11-24T14:42:01ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-11-011222409010.3390/foods12224090Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles of Seven Edible Insects: Focus on Lipid Class Composition and Protein Conversion FactorsCristina Perez-Santaescolastica0Ilse de Pril1Ilse van de Voorde2Ilse Fraeye3Research Group of Meat Technology & Science of Protein-Rich Foods (MTSP), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven—Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumResearch Group Enzyme, Fermentation and Brewing Technology (EFBT), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven—Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumResearch Group Enzyme, Fermentation and Brewing Technology (EFBT), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven—Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumResearch Group of Meat Technology & Science of Protein-Rich Foods (MTSP), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven—Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumThis study is based on the fatty acid and amino acid profiles of seven edible insect species: <i>Acheta domesticus</i>, <i>Alphitobius diaperinus</i>, <i>Blaptica dubia</i>, <i>Galleria mellonella</i>, <i>Locusta migratoria</i>, <i>Tenebrio molitor,</i> and <i>Zophobas morio</i>. The aim of the present study is to provide new data on the fatty acid distributions among lipid classes as well as the species-specific protein conversion factor (Kp) of a wide range of insects in order to further improve the nutritional characterisation of insects as food. Oleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in all insects except for <i>A. domesticus</i>, in which a significantly higher percentage of linoleic acid was found. The majority of the lipids were neutral lipids. A significant amount of α-linolenic acid in the phospholipid fraction of <i>L. migratoria</i> was shown, while in <i>T. molitor,</i> phospholipids were the only fraction in which a measurable amount of docosahexaenoic acid was found. Overall, in most insects, the phospholipid fraction had the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid content compared to the other classes, which may be protective in terms of auto-oxidative stability. Kp values in the range of 4.17 to 6.43 were obtained. Within the nutritional quality indices, all insects showed healthy fatty acids and high-quality amino acid profiles.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/22/4090<i>Acheta domesticus</i><i>Blaptica dubia</i>index of atherogenicityindex of thrombogenicityspecies-specific conversion factoramino acid scores |
| spellingShingle | Cristina Perez-Santaescolastica Ilse de Pril Ilse van de Voorde Ilse Fraeye Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles of Seven Edible Insects: Focus on Lipid Class Composition and Protein Conversion Factors Foods <i>Acheta domesticus</i> <i>Blaptica dubia</i> index of atherogenicity index of thrombogenicity species-specific conversion factor amino acid scores |
| title | Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles of Seven Edible Insects: Focus on Lipid Class Composition and Protein Conversion Factors |
| title_full | Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles of Seven Edible Insects: Focus on Lipid Class Composition and Protein Conversion Factors |
| title_fullStr | Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles of Seven Edible Insects: Focus on Lipid Class Composition and Protein Conversion Factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles of Seven Edible Insects: Focus on Lipid Class Composition and Protein Conversion Factors |
| title_short | Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles of Seven Edible Insects: Focus on Lipid Class Composition and Protein Conversion Factors |
| title_sort | fatty acid and amino acid profiles of seven edible insects focus on lipid class composition and protein conversion factors |
| topic | <i>Acheta domesticus</i> <i>Blaptica dubia</i> index of atherogenicity index of thrombogenicity species-specific conversion factor amino acid scores |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/22/4090 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cristinaperezsantaescolastica fattyacidandaminoacidprofilesofsevenedibleinsectsfocusonlipidclasscompositionandproteinconversionfactors AT ilsedepril fattyacidandaminoacidprofilesofsevenedibleinsectsfocusonlipidclasscompositionandproteinconversionfactors AT ilsevandevoorde fattyacidandaminoacidprofilesofsevenedibleinsectsfocusonlipidclasscompositionandproteinconversionfactors AT ilsefraeye fattyacidandaminoacidprofilesofsevenedibleinsectsfocusonlipidclasscompositionandproteinconversionfactors |