β-Hydroxybutyrate improves β-cell mitochondrial function and survival
Pharmacological interventions aimed at improving outcomes in type 2 diabetes and achieving normoglycaemia, including insulin therapy, are increasingly common, despite the potential for substantial side effects. Carbohydrate-restricted diets that result in increased ketogenesis have effectively been...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AOSIS
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Metabolic Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journalofmetabolichealth.org/index.php/jmh/article/view/25 |
| _version_ | 1797246584098914304 |
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| author | MaryJane Sampson Daniel R. Lathen Blake W. Dallon Carrie Draney Jason D. Ray Kyle B. Kener Brian A. Parker Jonathan L. Gibbs Jarom S. Gropp Jeffery S. Tessem Benjamin T. Bikman |
| author_facet | MaryJane Sampson Daniel R. Lathen Blake W. Dallon Carrie Draney Jason D. Ray Kyle B. Kener Brian A. Parker Jonathan L. Gibbs Jarom S. Gropp Jeffery S. Tessem Benjamin T. Bikman |
| author_sort | MaryJane Sampson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pharmacological interventions aimed at improving outcomes in type 2 diabetes and achieving normoglycaemia, including insulin therapy, are increasingly common, despite the potential for substantial side effects. Carbohydrate-restricted diets that result in increased ketogenesis have effectively been used to improve insulin resistance, a fundamental feature of type 2 diabetes. In addition, limited evidence suggests that states of ketogenesis may also improve β-cell function in type 2 diabetics. Considering how little is known regarding the effects of ketones on β-cell function, we sought to determine the specific effects of β-Hydroxybutyrate (βHB) on pancreatic β-cell physiology and mitochondrial function. βHB treatment increased β-cell survival and proliferation, while also increasing mitochondrial mass, respiration and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Despite these improvements, were unable to detect an increase in β-cell or islet insulin production and secretion. Collectively, these findings have two implications. Firstly, they indicate that β-cells have improved survival and proliferation in the midst of βHB, the circulating form of ketones. Secondly, insulin secretion does not appear to be directly related to apparent improvements in mitochondrial function and cellular proliferation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:45:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4555a5fe1f4d40fc8104ec2e43596b46 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2960-0391 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:45:07Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Metabolic Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-4555a5fe1f4d40fc8104ec2e43596b462024-03-25T07:51:23ZengAOSISJournal of Metabolic Health2960-03912017-08-0121e1e810.4102/jir.v2i1.2510β-Hydroxybutyrate improves β-cell mitochondrial function and survivalMaryJane Sampson0Daniel R. Lathen1Blake W. Dallon2Carrie Draney3Jason D. Ray4Kyle B. Kener5Brian A. Parker6Jonathan L. Gibbs7Jarom S. Gropp8Jeffery S. Tessem9Benjamin T. Bikman10Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young UniversityDepartment of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young UniversityPharmacological interventions aimed at improving outcomes in type 2 diabetes and achieving normoglycaemia, including insulin therapy, are increasingly common, despite the potential for substantial side effects. Carbohydrate-restricted diets that result in increased ketogenesis have effectively been used to improve insulin resistance, a fundamental feature of type 2 diabetes. In addition, limited evidence suggests that states of ketogenesis may also improve β-cell function in type 2 diabetics. Considering how little is known regarding the effects of ketones on β-cell function, we sought to determine the specific effects of β-Hydroxybutyrate (βHB) on pancreatic β-cell physiology and mitochondrial function. βHB treatment increased β-cell survival and proliferation, while also increasing mitochondrial mass, respiration and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Despite these improvements, were unable to detect an increase in β-cell or islet insulin production and secretion. Collectively, these findings have two implications. Firstly, they indicate that β-cells have improved survival and proliferation in the midst of βHB, the circulating form of ketones. Secondly, insulin secretion does not appear to be directly related to apparent improvements in mitochondrial function and cellular proliferation.https://journalofmetabolichealth.org/index.php/jmh/article/view/25diabetes mellitusketonesβ-cellsmitochondria |
| spellingShingle | MaryJane Sampson Daniel R. Lathen Blake W. Dallon Carrie Draney Jason D. Ray Kyle B. Kener Brian A. Parker Jonathan L. Gibbs Jarom S. Gropp Jeffery S. Tessem Benjamin T. Bikman β-Hydroxybutyrate improves β-cell mitochondrial function and survival Journal of Metabolic Health diabetes mellitus ketones β-cells mitochondria |
| title | β-Hydroxybutyrate improves β-cell mitochondrial function and survival |
| title_full | β-Hydroxybutyrate improves β-cell mitochondrial function and survival |
| title_fullStr | β-Hydroxybutyrate improves β-cell mitochondrial function and survival |
| title_full_unstemmed | β-Hydroxybutyrate improves β-cell mitochondrial function and survival |
| title_short | β-Hydroxybutyrate improves β-cell mitochondrial function and survival |
| title_sort | β hydroxybutyrate improves β cell mitochondrial function and survival |
| topic | diabetes mellitus ketones β-cells mitochondria |
| url | https://journalofmetabolichealth.org/index.php/jmh/article/view/25 |
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