Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Biosynthesis of the Polyamine Gene Family in <i>Citrus unshiu</i>
Polyamines (PAs) contribute to diverse plant processes, environmental interaction, and stress responses. In citrus, the mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of polyamines is poorly understood. The present study aims to identify the biosynthesis of PA gene family members in satsuma mandarin (<i&g...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/8/1527 |
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| author | Saleha Sadiq Mujahid Hussain Shahid Iqbal Muhammad Shafiq Rashad Mukhtar Balal Mahmoud F. Seleiman John Chater Muhammad Adnan Shahid |
| author_facet | Saleha Sadiq Mujahid Hussain Shahid Iqbal Muhammad Shafiq Rashad Mukhtar Balal Mahmoud F. Seleiman John Chater Muhammad Adnan Shahid |
| author_sort | Saleha Sadiq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyamines (PAs) contribute to diverse plant processes, environmental interaction, and stress responses. In citrus, the mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of polyamines is poorly understood. The present study aims to identify the biosynthesis of PA gene family members in satsuma mandarin (<i>Citrus unshiu</i>) and investigate their response against various stresses. The identified biosynthesis of PA genes in <i>C. unshiu</i> showed clustering in six groups, i.e., <i>SPMS</i>, <i>SPDS</i>, <i>ACL5</i>, <i>ADC</i>, <i>ODC</i>, and <i>SAMDC</i>. Syntenic analysis revealed that segmental duplication was prevalent among the biosynthesis of PA genes compared to tandem duplication. Thus, it might be the main reason for diversity in the gene family in <i>C. unshiu</i>. Almost all biosynthesis of PA gene family members in <i>C. unshiu</i> showed syntenic blocks in the genome of <i>Arabidopsis</i>, <i>Citrus sinensis</i>, <i>Poncirus trifoliata</i>, and <i>Citrus reticulata</i>. Analysis of <i>Cis</i>-regulatory elements (CREs) indicated the occurrence of hormones, light, defense, and environmental stress responses as well as the development and other plant mechanisms-related elements in the upstream sequence of the biosynthesis of PA genes. Expression profiling revealed that the biosynthesis of PA gene expression modulates in different organs during various developmental stages and stress in <i>C. unshiu</i>. This information will provide a deep understanding of genomic information and its expression in multiple tissues to better understand its potential application in functional genomics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:55:10Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:55:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-455b93827ae746b7900c5408d39b1d2f2023-11-19T01:14:28ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-07-01148152710.3390/genes14081527Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Biosynthesis of the Polyamine Gene Family in <i>Citrus unshiu</i>Saleha Sadiq0Mujahid Hussain1Shahid Iqbal2Muhammad Shafiq3Rashad Mukhtar Balal4Mahmoud F. Seleiman5John Chater6Muhammad Adnan Shahid7Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanHorticultural Science Department, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Quincy, FL 32351, USAHorticultural Science Department, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Quincy, FL 32351, USADepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, PakistanDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, PakistanDepartment of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaHorticultural Science Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USAHorticultural Science Department, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Quincy, FL 32351, USAPolyamines (PAs) contribute to diverse plant processes, environmental interaction, and stress responses. In citrus, the mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of polyamines is poorly understood. The present study aims to identify the biosynthesis of PA gene family members in satsuma mandarin (<i>Citrus unshiu</i>) and investigate their response against various stresses. The identified biosynthesis of PA genes in <i>C. unshiu</i> showed clustering in six groups, i.e., <i>SPMS</i>, <i>SPDS</i>, <i>ACL5</i>, <i>ADC</i>, <i>ODC</i>, and <i>SAMDC</i>. Syntenic analysis revealed that segmental duplication was prevalent among the biosynthesis of PA genes compared to tandem duplication. Thus, it might be the main reason for diversity in the gene family in <i>C. unshiu</i>. Almost all biosynthesis of PA gene family members in <i>C. unshiu</i> showed syntenic blocks in the genome of <i>Arabidopsis</i>, <i>Citrus sinensis</i>, <i>Poncirus trifoliata</i>, and <i>Citrus reticulata</i>. Analysis of <i>Cis</i>-regulatory elements (CREs) indicated the occurrence of hormones, light, defense, and environmental stress responses as well as the development and other plant mechanisms-related elements in the upstream sequence of the biosynthesis of PA genes. Expression profiling revealed that the biosynthesis of PA gene expression modulates in different organs during various developmental stages and stress in <i>C. unshiu</i>. This information will provide a deep understanding of genomic information and its expression in multiple tissues to better understand its potential application in functional genomics.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/8/1527abiotic stress<i>Citrus unshiu</i>polyamines |
| spellingShingle | Saleha Sadiq Mujahid Hussain Shahid Iqbal Muhammad Shafiq Rashad Mukhtar Balal Mahmoud F. Seleiman John Chater Muhammad Adnan Shahid Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Biosynthesis of the Polyamine Gene Family in <i>Citrus unshiu</i> Genes abiotic stress <i>Citrus unshiu</i> polyamines |
| title | Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Biosynthesis of the Polyamine Gene Family in <i>Citrus unshiu</i> |
| title_full | Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Biosynthesis of the Polyamine Gene Family in <i>Citrus unshiu</i> |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Biosynthesis of the Polyamine Gene Family in <i>Citrus unshiu</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Biosynthesis of the Polyamine Gene Family in <i>Citrus unshiu</i> |
| title_short | Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Biosynthesis of the Polyamine Gene Family in <i>Citrus unshiu</i> |
| title_sort | genome wide identification and characterization of the biosynthesis of the polyamine gene family in i citrus unshiu i |
| topic | abiotic stress <i>Citrus unshiu</i> polyamines |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/8/1527 |
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