The Effects of Dietary <i>Spirulina platensisis</i> on Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Endotoxin Stress
This study was proposed to highlight the impact of dietary <i>Spirulina platensis</i> (SP) supplementation in alleviating the deterioration effect of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EC) on the growth performance, redox biomarkers, immune reaction, and hindgut microbial counts and ac...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/3/363 |
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| author | Abdulaziz A. Alaqil Ahmed O. Abbas |
| author_facet | Abdulaziz A. Alaqil Ahmed O. Abbas |
| author_sort | Abdulaziz A. Alaqil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study was proposed to highlight the impact of dietary <i>Spirulina platensis</i> (SP) supplementation in alleviating the deterioration effect of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EC) on the growth performance, redox biomarkers, immune reaction, and hindgut microbial counts and acidosis in broiler chickens. Four hundred Cobb500, one-day-old, broiler chickens were deposited in battery cages (10 chicks per cage). The chicks were distributed into totally randomized 2 × 2 factorial treatments (10 replicate cages per treatment) from the day 22 to the day 42 of age. Birds of two of the groups were fed on a basal diet without SP supplementation (-SP groups), while birds of the other two groups were fed on a basal diet supplemented with 10 g/kg SP (+SP groups). At day 36th of age, birds in one of the -SP and +SP groups were challenged by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with 10<sup>7</sup> CFU/bird EC (O157:H7 strain) in 0.5 mL sterilized saline (+EC groups), whereas the other non-challenged groups were i.p. injected with 0.5 mL saline only (-EC groups). The current study results indicated that the boilers challenged with EC had a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) lower performance, poor antioxidant activity, immunosuppression, and higher numbers of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine when compared with the non-challenged birds. Dietary SP inclusion enhanced (<i>p</i> < 0.05) broiler growth, antioxidant activity, immune response, and intestinal beneficial bacteria and acidosis. Moreover, SP alleviated the reduction in all these parameters after exposure to EC infection. Therefore, diets containing 10 g/kg SP could be used as a promising approach to maximize broilers’ production and support their health, particularly when challenged with EC infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:53:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4560a3c39fd84b289907c6414b5eeb56 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:53:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-4560a3c39fd84b289907c6414b5eeb562023-11-16T15:59:49ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-01-0113336310.3390/ani13030363The Effects of Dietary <i>Spirulina platensisis</i> on Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Endotoxin StressAbdulaziz A. Alaqil0Ahmed O. Abbas1Department of Animal and Fish Production, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Animal and Fish Production, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaThis study was proposed to highlight the impact of dietary <i>Spirulina platensis</i> (SP) supplementation in alleviating the deterioration effect of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EC) on the growth performance, redox biomarkers, immune reaction, and hindgut microbial counts and acidosis in broiler chickens. Four hundred Cobb500, one-day-old, broiler chickens were deposited in battery cages (10 chicks per cage). The chicks were distributed into totally randomized 2 × 2 factorial treatments (10 replicate cages per treatment) from the day 22 to the day 42 of age. Birds of two of the groups were fed on a basal diet without SP supplementation (-SP groups), while birds of the other two groups were fed on a basal diet supplemented with 10 g/kg SP (+SP groups). At day 36th of age, birds in one of the -SP and +SP groups were challenged by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with 10<sup>7</sup> CFU/bird EC (O157:H7 strain) in 0.5 mL sterilized saline (+EC groups), whereas the other non-challenged groups were i.p. injected with 0.5 mL saline only (-EC groups). The current study results indicated that the boilers challenged with EC had a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) lower performance, poor antioxidant activity, immunosuppression, and higher numbers of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine when compared with the non-challenged birds. Dietary SP inclusion enhanced (<i>p</i> < 0.05) broiler growth, antioxidant activity, immune response, and intestinal beneficial bacteria and acidosis. Moreover, SP alleviated the reduction in all these parameters after exposure to EC infection. Therefore, diets containing 10 g/kg SP could be used as a promising approach to maximize broilers’ production and support their health, particularly when challenged with EC infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/3/363broilers<i>Escherichia coli</i>growth performanceantioxidant biomarkersimmunological parameterscecal microflora |
| spellingShingle | Abdulaziz A. Alaqil Ahmed O. Abbas The Effects of Dietary <i>Spirulina platensisis</i> on Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Endotoxin Stress Animals broilers <i>Escherichia coli</i> growth performance antioxidant biomarkers immunological parameters cecal microflora |
| title | The Effects of Dietary <i>Spirulina platensisis</i> on Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Endotoxin Stress |
| title_full | The Effects of Dietary <i>Spirulina platensisis</i> on Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Endotoxin Stress |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Dietary <i>Spirulina platensisis</i> on Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Endotoxin Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Dietary <i>Spirulina platensisis</i> on Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Endotoxin Stress |
| title_short | The Effects of Dietary <i>Spirulina platensisis</i> on Physiological Responses of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Endotoxin Stress |
| title_sort | effects of dietary i spirulina platensisis i on physiological responses of broiler chickens exposed to endotoxin stress |
| topic | broilers <i>Escherichia coli</i> growth performance antioxidant biomarkers immunological parameters cecal microflora |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/3/363 |
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