Direction of Arrival Estimation of Generalized Nested Array via Difference–Sum Co-Array
To address the weakness that the difference co-array (DCA) only enhances the degrees of freedom (DOFs) to a limited extent, a new configuration called the generalized nested array via difference–sum co-array (GNA-DSCA) is proposed for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. We consider both the tempo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/906 |
| _version_ | 1827622047618957312 |
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| author | Yule Zhang Guoping Hu Hao Zhou Juan Bai Chenghong Zhan Shuhan Guo |
| author_facet | Yule Zhang Guoping Hu Hao Zhou Juan Bai Chenghong Zhan Shuhan Guo |
| author_sort | Yule Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To address the weakness that the difference co-array (DCA) only enhances the degrees of freedom (DOFs) to a limited extent, a new configuration called the generalized nested array via difference–sum co-array (GNA-DSCA) is proposed for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. We consider both the temporal and spatial information of the array output to construct the DSCA model, based on which the DCA and sum co-array (SCA) of the GNA are systematically analyzed. The closed-form expression of the DOFs for the GNA-DSCA is derived under the determined dilation factors. The optimal results show that the GNA-DSCA has a more flexible configuration and more DOFs than the GNA-DCA. Moreover, the larger dilation factors yield significantly wider virtual aperture, which indicates that it is more attractive than the reported DSCA-based sparse arrays. Finally, a hole-filling strategy based on atomic norm minimization (ANM) is utilized to overcome the degradation of the estimation performance due to the non-uniform virtual array, thus achieving accurate DOA estimation. The simulation results verify the superiority of the proposed configuration in terms of virtual array properties and estimation performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:15:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-456d8abf24234279bfe1aae3732309ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:15:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-456d8abf24234279bfe1aae3732309ae2023-12-01T00:29:35ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-01-0123290610.3390/s23020906Direction of Arrival Estimation of Generalized Nested Array via Difference–Sum Co-ArrayYule Zhang0Guoping Hu1Hao Zhou2Juan Bai3Chenghong Zhan4Shuhan Guo5Graduate College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, ChinaAir and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, ChinaAir and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, ChinaAir and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, ChinaGraduate College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, ChinaGraduate College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, ChinaTo address the weakness that the difference co-array (DCA) only enhances the degrees of freedom (DOFs) to a limited extent, a new configuration called the generalized nested array via difference–sum co-array (GNA-DSCA) is proposed for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. We consider both the temporal and spatial information of the array output to construct the DSCA model, based on which the DCA and sum co-array (SCA) of the GNA are systematically analyzed. The closed-form expression of the DOFs for the GNA-DSCA is derived under the determined dilation factors. The optimal results show that the GNA-DSCA has a more flexible configuration and more DOFs than the GNA-DCA. Moreover, the larger dilation factors yield significantly wider virtual aperture, which indicates that it is more attractive than the reported DSCA-based sparse arrays. Finally, a hole-filling strategy based on atomic norm minimization (ANM) is utilized to overcome the degradation of the estimation performance due to the non-uniform virtual array, thus achieving accurate DOA estimation. The simulation results verify the superiority of the proposed configuration in terms of virtual array properties and estimation performance.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/906direction of arrival estimationsparse arraygeneralized nested arraydifference–sum co-arraydegrees of freedomatomic norm |
| spellingShingle | Yule Zhang Guoping Hu Hao Zhou Juan Bai Chenghong Zhan Shuhan Guo Direction of Arrival Estimation of Generalized Nested Array via Difference–Sum Co-Array Sensors direction of arrival estimation sparse array generalized nested array difference–sum co-array degrees of freedom atomic norm |
| title | Direction of Arrival Estimation of Generalized Nested Array via Difference–Sum Co-Array |
| title_full | Direction of Arrival Estimation of Generalized Nested Array via Difference–Sum Co-Array |
| title_fullStr | Direction of Arrival Estimation of Generalized Nested Array via Difference–Sum Co-Array |
| title_full_unstemmed | Direction of Arrival Estimation of Generalized Nested Array via Difference–Sum Co-Array |
| title_short | Direction of Arrival Estimation of Generalized Nested Array via Difference–Sum Co-Array |
| title_sort | direction of arrival estimation of generalized nested array via difference sum co array |
| topic | direction of arrival estimation sparse array generalized nested array difference–sum co-array degrees of freedom atomic norm |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/906 |
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