Performance Analysis of Full Assembly Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Cross-Arm in Transmission Tower
The usage of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite cross-arms in transmission towers is relatively new compared to wood timber cross-arms. In this case, many research works conducted experiments on composite cross-arms, either in coupon or full-scale size. However, none performed finite el...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/8/1563 |
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| author | Agusril Syamsir Afiqah Nadhirah Daud Mohamad Salmia Beddu Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf Zarina Itam Vivi Anggraini |
| author_facet | Agusril Syamsir Afiqah Nadhirah Daud Mohamad Salmia Beddu Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf Zarina Itam Vivi Anggraini |
| author_sort | Agusril Syamsir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The usage of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite cross-arms in transmission towers is relatively new compared to wood timber cross-arms. In this case, many research works conducted experiments on composite cross-arms, either in coupon or full-scale size. However, none performed finite element (FE) analyses on full-scale composite cross-arms under actual working load and broken wire conditions. Thus, this work evaluates the performance of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite cross-arm tubes in 275 kV transmission towers using FE analysis. In this study, the performance analysis was run mimicking actual normal and broken wire conditions with five and three times more than working loads (WL). The full-scale assembly load test experiment outcomes were used to validate the FE analysis. Furthermore, the mechanical properties values of the GFRP composite were incorporated in simulation analysis based on the previous experimental work on coupons samples of GFRP tubes. Additionally, parametric studies were performed to determine the ultimate applied load and factor of safety for both normal and broken wire loading conditions. This research discovered that the GFRP composite cross-arm could withstand the applied load of five times and three times working load (WL) for normal and broken wire conditions, respectively. In addition, the factor of safety of tubes was 1.08 and 1.1 for normal and broken wire conditions, respectively, which can be considered safe to use. Hence, the composite cross-arms can sustain load two times more than the design requirement, which is two times the working load for normal conditions. In future studies, it is recommended to analyze the fatigue properties of the composite due to wind loading, which may induce failure in long-term service. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:30:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-45740af26b274721b21c4175c641115b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:30:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-45740af26b274721b21c4175c641115b2023-12-01T21:20:12ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-04-01148156310.3390/polym14081563Performance Analysis of Full Assembly Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Cross-Arm in Transmission TowerAgusril Syamsir0Afiqah Nadhirah1Daud Mohamad2Salmia Beddu3Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf4Zarina Itam5Vivi Anggraini6Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaInstitute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaCivil Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sun Way, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, MalaysiaThe usage of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite cross-arms in transmission towers is relatively new compared to wood timber cross-arms. In this case, many research works conducted experiments on composite cross-arms, either in coupon or full-scale size. However, none performed finite element (FE) analyses on full-scale composite cross-arms under actual working load and broken wire conditions. Thus, this work evaluates the performance of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite cross-arm tubes in 275 kV transmission towers using FE analysis. In this study, the performance analysis was run mimicking actual normal and broken wire conditions with five and three times more than working loads (WL). The full-scale assembly load test experiment outcomes were used to validate the FE analysis. Furthermore, the mechanical properties values of the GFRP composite were incorporated in simulation analysis based on the previous experimental work on coupons samples of GFRP tubes. Additionally, parametric studies were performed to determine the ultimate applied load and factor of safety for both normal and broken wire loading conditions. This research discovered that the GFRP composite cross-arm could withstand the applied load of five times and three times working load (WL) for normal and broken wire conditions, respectively. In addition, the factor of safety of tubes was 1.08 and 1.1 for normal and broken wire conditions, respectively, which can be considered safe to use. Hence, the composite cross-arms can sustain load two times more than the design requirement, which is two times the working load for normal conditions. In future studies, it is recommended to analyze the fatigue properties of the composite due to wind loading, which may induce failure in long-term service.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/8/1563GFRPpultruded compositecross-armtransmission towerfinite element analysis |
| spellingShingle | Agusril Syamsir Afiqah Nadhirah Daud Mohamad Salmia Beddu Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf Zarina Itam Vivi Anggraini Performance Analysis of Full Assembly Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Cross-Arm in Transmission Tower Polymers GFRP pultruded composite cross-arm transmission tower finite element analysis |
| title | Performance Analysis of Full Assembly Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Cross-Arm in Transmission Tower |
| title_full | Performance Analysis of Full Assembly Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Cross-Arm in Transmission Tower |
| title_fullStr | Performance Analysis of Full Assembly Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Cross-Arm in Transmission Tower |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance Analysis of Full Assembly Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Cross-Arm in Transmission Tower |
| title_short | Performance Analysis of Full Assembly Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Cross-Arm in Transmission Tower |
| title_sort | performance analysis of full assembly glass fiber reinforced polymer composite cross arm in transmission tower |
| topic | GFRP pultruded composite cross-arm transmission tower finite element analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/8/1563 |
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