Techniques for Background Identification in the Search for Rare Processes with Crystal Scintillators
In astroparticle, nuclear and subnuclear physics, low-counting experiments play an increasingly important role in the investigation of rare processes such as dark matter, double beta decay, some neutrino processes and low-background spectrometry. Extremely low-background features are more and more r...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8174/3/2/15 |
| _version_ | 1797538251052941312 |
|---|---|
| author | Fabio Cappella Antonella Incicchitti |
| author_facet | Fabio Cappella Antonella Incicchitti |
| author_sort | Fabio Cappella |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In astroparticle, nuclear and subnuclear physics, low-counting experiments play an increasingly important role in the investigation of rare processes such as dark matter, double beta decay, some neutrino processes and low-background spectrometry. Extremely low-background features are more and more required to produce detectors and apparata of suitable sensitivity. Over time, a great deal of interest and attention in developing experimental techniques suitable to improve, verify and maintain the radiopurity of these detectors has arisen. In this paper, the characterization of inorganic crystal scintillators (such as, e.g., NaI(Tl), ZnWO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>4</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and CdWO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>4</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>) using <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>γ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> radioactive sources and the main experimental techniques applied in the field to quantitatively identify the radioactive contaminants are highlighted; in particular, we focus on inorganic crystal scintillators, widely used in rare processes investigation, considering their applications at noncryogenic temperatures in the framework of the DAMA experiment activities at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory of the INFN (National Institute for Nuclear Physics, INFN). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:28:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-458120f7b0ca4dad8794561526ef140a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-8174 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:28:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-458120f7b0ca4dad8794561526ef140a2023-11-21T14:49:23ZengMDPI AGPhysics2624-81742021-04-013218720610.3390/physics3020015Techniques for Background Identification in the Search for Rare Processes with Crystal ScintillatorsFabio Cappella0Antonella Incicchitti1INFN, Sezione Roma, I-00185 Rome, ItalyINFN, Sezione Roma, I-00185 Rome, ItalyIn astroparticle, nuclear and subnuclear physics, low-counting experiments play an increasingly important role in the investigation of rare processes such as dark matter, double beta decay, some neutrino processes and low-background spectrometry. Extremely low-background features are more and more required to produce detectors and apparata of suitable sensitivity. Over time, a great deal of interest and attention in developing experimental techniques suitable to improve, verify and maintain the radiopurity of these detectors has arisen. In this paper, the characterization of inorganic crystal scintillators (such as, e.g., NaI(Tl), ZnWO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>4</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and CdWO<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>4</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>) using <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>γ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> radioactive sources and the main experimental techniques applied in the field to quantitatively identify the radioactive contaminants are highlighted; in particular, we focus on inorganic crystal scintillators, widely used in rare processes investigation, considering their applications at noncryogenic temperatures in the framework of the DAMA experiment activities at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory of the INFN (National Institute for Nuclear Physics, INFN).https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8174/3/2/15rare processesscintillation detectorslow-background experiments |
| spellingShingle | Fabio Cappella Antonella Incicchitti Techniques for Background Identification in the Search for Rare Processes with Crystal Scintillators Physics rare processes scintillation detectors low-background experiments |
| title | Techniques for Background Identification in the Search for Rare Processes with Crystal Scintillators |
| title_full | Techniques for Background Identification in the Search for Rare Processes with Crystal Scintillators |
| title_fullStr | Techniques for Background Identification in the Search for Rare Processes with Crystal Scintillators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Techniques for Background Identification in the Search for Rare Processes with Crystal Scintillators |
| title_short | Techniques for Background Identification in the Search for Rare Processes with Crystal Scintillators |
| title_sort | techniques for background identification in the search for rare processes with crystal scintillators |
| topic | rare processes scintillation detectors low-background experiments |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8174/3/2/15 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fabiocappella techniquesforbackgroundidentificationinthesearchforrareprocesseswithcrystalscintillators AT antonellaincicchitti techniquesforbackgroundidentificationinthesearchforrareprocesseswithcrystalscintillators |