Resistance to grain protectants and synergism in Pakistani strains of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Abstract The widespread use of insecticides for the management of insect pests in storage facilities and food industries have caused insecticide resistance a frequent issue worldwide. Nonetheless, this issue has been little explored in Pakistan that resulted in control failures and increased dosage...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16412-y |
| _version_ | 1828259716929683456 |
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| author | Tiyyabah Khan Muhammad Saleem Haider Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan |
| author_facet | Tiyyabah Khan Muhammad Saleem Haider Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan |
| author_sort | Tiyyabah Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The widespread use of insecticides for the management of insect pests in storage facilities and food industries have caused insecticide resistance a frequent issue worldwide. Nonetheless, this issue has been little explored in Pakistan that resulted in control failures and increased dosage of insecticides. In the present study, insecticide resistance to chlorpyrifos-methyl, pirimiphos-methyl, permethrin and spinosad was surveyed in five field strains of Sitophilus oryzae: FSD-SO, GJR-SO, DGK-SO, MTN-SO and BWP-SO, collected from five different localities of Punjab, Pakistan, and contrasted with an insecticide susceptible reference strain (Lab-SO). Dose-mortality bioassays were performed in glass vials containing insecticide-treated rice grains, and lethal doses (LD50 and LD95) were calculated and compared using the ratio tests. In comparison to the Lab-SO strain at LD50 and LD95 levels, field strains exhibited: 24.51 to 52.80 and 36.55 to 69.31 resistance ratios (RRs), respectively, for chlorpyrifos-methyl; 15.89 to 45.97 and 55.12 to 194.93 RRs, respectively, for pirimiphos-methyl; 39.76 to 108.61 and 61.33 to 130.12 RRs, respectively, for permethrin; 4.23 to 27.50 and 6.28 to 41.00 RRs, respectively, for spinosad. In the synergism experiments using the Lab-SO and the most resistant strains against each insecticide, the enzyme inhibitors (PBO and DEF) failed to synergize toxicity of insecticides in the Lab-SO strain; however, toxicity of chlorpyrifos-methyl, pirimiphos-methyl and permethrin significantly enhanced in the resistant strains of S. oryzae, suggesting possibility of metabolic mechanism of resistance. In addition, activities of detoxification enzymes (CarE, MFO and GST) were significantly higher in resistant strains compared to the Lab-SO strain. The results revealed presence of insecticide resistance in field strains of S. oryzae that necessitate the need to develop a resistance management strategy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:13:04Z |
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| id | doaj.art-458d8fec35384a4b83776dd9192549b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:13:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-458d8fec35384a4b83776dd9192549b22022-12-22T03:04:59ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-07-011211810.1038/s41598-022-16412-yResistance to grain protectants and synergism in Pakistani strains of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)Tiyyabah Khan0Muhammad Saleem Haider1Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2Department of Plant Pathology, University of the PunjabDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of the PunjabDepartment of Entomology, University of the PunjabAbstract The widespread use of insecticides for the management of insect pests in storage facilities and food industries have caused insecticide resistance a frequent issue worldwide. Nonetheless, this issue has been little explored in Pakistan that resulted in control failures and increased dosage of insecticides. In the present study, insecticide resistance to chlorpyrifos-methyl, pirimiphos-methyl, permethrin and spinosad was surveyed in five field strains of Sitophilus oryzae: FSD-SO, GJR-SO, DGK-SO, MTN-SO and BWP-SO, collected from five different localities of Punjab, Pakistan, and contrasted with an insecticide susceptible reference strain (Lab-SO). Dose-mortality bioassays were performed in glass vials containing insecticide-treated rice grains, and lethal doses (LD50 and LD95) were calculated and compared using the ratio tests. In comparison to the Lab-SO strain at LD50 and LD95 levels, field strains exhibited: 24.51 to 52.80 and 36.55 to 69.31 resistance ratios (RRs), respectively, for chlorpyrifos-methyl; 15.89 to 45.97 and 55.12 to 194.93 RRs, respectively, for pirimiphos-methyl; 39.76 to 108.61 and 61.33 to 130.12 RRs, respectively, for permethrin; 4.23 to 27.50 and 6.28 to 41.00 RRs, respectively, for spinosad. In the synergism experiments using the Lab-SO and the most resistant strains against each insecticide, the enzyme inhibitors (PBO and DEF) failed to synergize toxicity of insecticides in the Lab-SO strain; however, toxicity of chlorpyrifos-methyl, pirimiphos-methyl and permethrin significantly enhanced in the resistant strains of S. oryzae, suggesting possibility of metabolic mechanism of resistance. In addition, activities of detoxification enzymes (CarE, MFO and GST) were significantly higher in resistant strains compared to the Lab-SO strain. The results revealed presence of insecticide resistance in field strains of S. oryzae that necessitate the need to develop a resistance management strategy.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16412-y |
| spellingShingle | Tiyyabah Khan Muhammad Saleem Haider Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan Resistance to grain protectants and synergism in Pakistani strains of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Scientific Reports |
| title | Resistance to grain protectants and synergism in Pakistani strains of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) |
| title_full | Resistance to grain protectants and synergism in Pakistani strains of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) |
| title_fullStr | Resistance to grain protectants and synergism in Pakistani strains of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Resistance to grain protectants and synergism in Pakistani strains of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) |
| title_short | Resistance to grain protectants and synergism in Pakistani strains of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) |
| title_sort | resistance to grain protectants and synergism in pakistani strains of sitophilus oryzae coleoptera curculionidae |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16412-y |
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