Novel Hybrid Composites Based on Polymers of Diphenyl-Amine-2-Carboxylic Acid and Highly Porous Activated IR-Pyrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile
Hybrid composites based on electroactive polymers of diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (PDPAC) and highly porous carbon with a hierarchical pore structure were prepared for the first time. Activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (IR-PAN-a), characterized by a highly developed surface, was chosen as a...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/2/441 |
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| author | Sveta Zhiraslanovna Ozkan Valeriy Alekseevich Petrov Mikhail Nikolaevich Efimov Andrey Aleksandrovich Vasilev Dmitriy Gennad’evich Muratov Alexey Aleksandrovich Sadovnikov Galina Nikolaevna Bondarenko Galina Petrovna Karpacheva |
| author_facet | Sveta Zhiraslanovna Ozkan Valeriy Alekseevich Petrov Mikhail Nikolaevich Efimov Andrey Aleksandrovich Vasilev Dmitriy Gennad’evich Muratov Alexey Aleksandrovich Sadovnikov Galina Nikolaevna Bondarenko Galina Petrovna Karpacheva |
| author_sort | Sveta Zhiraslanovna Ozkan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hybrid composites based on electroactive polymers of diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (PDPAC) and highly porous carbon with a hierarchical pore structure were prepared for the first time. Activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (IR-PAN-a), characterized by a highly developed surface, was chosen as a highly porous N-doped carbon component of the hybrid materials. IR-PAN-a was prepared using pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in the presence of potassium hydroxide under IR radiation. Composite materials were obtained using oxidative polymerization of diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (DPAC) in the presence of IR-PAN-a both in an acidic and an alkaline medium. The composite materials were IR-heated to reduce the oxygen content and enhance their physical and chemical properties. The chemical structure, morphology, and electrical and thermal properties of the developed IR-PAN-a/PDPAC composites were investigated. The IR-PAN-a/PDPAC composites are thermally stable and electrically conductive. During the synthesis of the composites in an acidic medium, doping of the polymer component occurs, which makes the main contribution to the composite conductivity (1.3 × 10<sup>–5</sup> S/cm). A sharp drop in the electrical conductivity of the IR-PAN-a/PDPAC<sub>ac-IR</sub> composites to 3.4 × 10<sup>–10</sup> S/cm is associated with the removal of the dopant during IR heating. The IR-PAN-a/PDPAC<sub>alk</sub> composites prepared before and after IR heating show a gradual increase in electrical conductivity by five orders of magnitude to 1.6 × 10<sup>–5</sup> S/cm at 25–10<sup>6</sup> Hz. IR heating of the obtained materials leads to a significant increase in their thermal properties. The IR-heated composites lose half of their initial weight in an inert atmosphere at temperatures above 1000 °C, whereas for IR-PAN-a/PDPAC, the temperature range is 840–849 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:23:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-45a878e0c23e4e3f93bdf32ff3e4e3eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:23:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-45a878e0c23e4e3f93bdf32ff3e4e3eb2023-12-01T00:10:07ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-01-0115244110.3390/polym15020441Novel Hybrid Composites Based on Polymers of Diphenyl-Amine-2-Carboxylic Acid and Highly Porous Activated IR-Pyrolyzed PolyacrylonitrileSveta Zhiraslanovna Ozkan0Valeriy Alekseevich Petrov1Mikhail Nikolaevich Efimov2Andrey Aleksandrovich Vasilev3Dmitriy Gennad’evich Muratov4Alexey Aleksandrovich Sadovnikov5Galina Nikolaevna Bondarenko6Galina Petrovna Karpacheva7A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, RussiaA.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, RussiaA.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, RussiaA.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, RussiaA.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, RussiaA.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, RussiaA.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, RussiaA.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, RussiaHybrid composites based on electroactive polymers of diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (PDPAC) and highly porous carbon with a hierarchical pore structure were prepared for the first time. Activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (IR-PAN-a), characterized by a highly developed surface, was chosen as a highly porous N-doped carbon component of the hybrid materials. IR-PAN-a was prepared using pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in the presence of potassium hydroxide under IR radiation. Composite materials were obtained using oxidative polymerization of diphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid (DPAC) in the presence of IR-PAN-a both in an acidic and an alkaline medium. The composite materials were IR-heated to reduce the oxygen content and enhance their physical and chemical properties. The chemical structure, morphology, and electrical and thermal properties of the developed IR-PAN-a/PDPAC composites were investigated. The IR-PAN-a/PDPAC composites are thermally stable and electrically conductive. During the synthesis of the composites in an acidic medium, doping of the polymer component occurs, which makes the main contribution to the composite conductivity (1.3 × 10<sup>–5</sup> S/cm). A sharp drop in the electrical conductivity of the IR-PAN-a/PDPAC<sub>ac-IR</sub> composites to 3.4 × 10<sup>–10</sup> S/cm is associated with the removal of the dopant during IR heating. The IR-PAN-a/PDPAC<sub>alk</sub> composites prepared before and after IR heating show a gradual increase in electrical conductivity by five orders of magnitude to 1.6 × 10<sup>–5</sup> S/cm at 25–10<sup>6</sup> Hz. IR heating of the obtained materials leads to a significant increase in their thermal properties. The IR-heated composites lose half of their initial weight in an inert atmosphere at temperatures above 1000 °C, whereas for IR-PAN-a/PDPAC, the temperature range is 840–849 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/2/441polydiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acidin situ oxidative polymerizationpolymer–carbon compositesactivated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrileIR heating |
| spellingShingle | Sveta Zhiraslanovna Ozkan Valeriy Alekseevich Petrov Mikhail Nikolaevich Efimov Andrey Aleksandrovich Vasilev Dmitriy Gennad’evich Muratov Alexey Aleksandrovich Sadovnikov Galina Nikolaevna Bondarenko Galina Petrovna Karpacheva Novel Hybrid Composites Based on Polymers of Diphenyl-Amine-2-Carboxylic Acid and Highly Porous Activated IR-Pyrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile Polymers polydiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid in situ oxidative polymerization polymer–carbon composites activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile IR heating |
| title | Novel Hybrid Composites Based on Polymers of Diphenyl-Amine-2-Carboxylic Acid and Highly Porous Activated IR-Pyrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile |
| title_full | Novel Hybrid Composites Based on Polymers of Diphenyl-Amine-2-Carboxylic Acid and Highly Porous Activated IR-Pyrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile |
| title_fullStr | Novel Hybrid Composites Based on Polymers of Diphenyl-Amine-2-Carboxylic Acid and Highly Porous Activated IR-Pyrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel Hybrid Composites Based on Polymers of Diphenyl-Amine-2-Carboxylic Acid and Highly Porous Activated IR-Pyrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile |
| title_short | Novel Hybrid Composites Based on Polymers of Diphenyl-Amine-2-Carboxylic Acid and Highly Porous Activated IR-Pyrolyzed Polyacrylonitrile |
| title_sort | novel hybrid composites based on polymers of diphenyl amine 2 carboxylic acid and highly porous activated ir pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile |
| topic | polydiphenylamine-2-carboxylic acid in situ oxidative polymerization polymer–carbon composites activated IR-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile IR heating |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/2/441 |
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