Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is an infectious disease that poses severe threats to global public health and significant economic losses. The COVID-19 global burden is rapidly increasing, with over 246.53 million COVID-19 cases and 49.97 million deaths reported in the WH...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.909011/full |
| _version_ | 1817970291156975616 |
|---|---|
| author | Taif Shah Zahir Shah Nafeesa Yasmeen Zulqarnain Baloch Xueshan Xia |
| author_facet | Taif Shah Zahir Shah Nafeesa Yasmeen Zulqarnain Baloch Xueshan Xia |
| author_sort | Taif Shah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is an infectious disease that poses severe threats to global public health and significant economic losses. The COVID-19 global burden is rapidly increasing, with over 246.53 million COVID-19 cases and 49.97 million deaths reported in the WHO 2021 report. People with compromised immunity, such as tuberculosis (TB) patients, are highly exposed to severe COVID-19. Both COVID-19 and TB diseases spread primarily through respiratory droplets from an infected person to a healthy person, which may cause pneumonia and cytokine storms, leading to severe respiratory disorders. The COVID-19-TB coinfection could be fatal, exacerbating the current COVID-19 pandemic apart from cellular immune deficiency, coagulation activation, myocardial infarction, and other organ dysfunction. This study aimed to assess the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2-Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfections. We provide a brief overview of COVID19-TB coinfection and discuss SARS-CoV-2 host cellular receptors and pathogenesis. In addition, we discuss M. tuberculosis host cellular receptors and pathogenesis. Moreover, we highlight the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on TB patients and the pathological pathways that connect SARS-CoV-2 and M. tuberculosis infection. Further, we discuss the impact of BCG vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 cases coinfected with M. tuberculosis, as well as the diagnostic challenges associated with the coinfection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:32:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-45b7346c22b94850b8189f7b1daf53b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T20:32:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-45b7346c22b94850b8189f7b1daf53b52022-12-22T02:31:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-06-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.909011909011Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis CoinfectionTaif Shah0Zahir Shah1Nafeesa Yasmeen2Zulqarnain Baloch3Xueshan Xia4Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, PakistanCollege of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaFaculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, ChinaFaculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, ChinaCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is an infectious disease that poses severe threats to global public health and significant economic losses. The COVID-19 global burden is rapidly increasing, with over 246.53 million COVID-19 cases and 49.97 million deaths reported in the WHO 2021 report. People with compromised immunity, such as tuberculosis (TB) patients, are highly exposed to severe COVID-19. Both COVID-19 and TB diseases spread primarily through respiratory droplets from an infected person to a healthy person, which may cause pneumonia and cytokine storms, leading to severe respiratory disorders. The COVID-19-TB coinfection could be fatal, exacerbating the current COVID-19 pandemic apart from cellular immune deficiency, coagulation activation, myocardial infarction, and other organ dysfunction. This study aimed to assess the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2-Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfections. We provide a brief overview of COVID19-TB coinfection and discuss SARS-CoV-2 host cellular receptors and pathogenesis. In addition, we discuss M. tuberculosis host cellular receptors and pathogenesis. Moreover, we highlight the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on TB patients and the pathological pathways that connect SARS-CoV-2 and M. tuberculosis infection. Further, we discuss the impact of BCG vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 cases coinfected with M. tuberculosis, as well as the diagnostic challenges associated with the coinfection.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.909011/fullCOVID-19tuberculosiscoinfectionSARS-CoV-2-M. tuberculosis pathogenesisBCG vaccination |
| spellingShingle | Taif Shah Zahir Shah Nafeesa Yasmeen Zulqarnain Baloch Xueshan Xia Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection Frontiers in Immunology COVID-19 tuberculosis coinfection SARS-CoV-2-M. tuberculosis pathogenesis BCG vaccination |
| title | Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection |
| title_full | Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection |
| title_fullStr | Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection |
| title_short | Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection |
| title_sort | pathogenesis of sars cov 2 and mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection |
| topic | COVID-19 tuberculosis coinfection SARS-CoV-2-M. tuberculosis pathogenesis BCG vaccination |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.909011/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT taifshah pathogenesisofsarscov2andmycobacteriumtuberculosiscoinfection AT zahirshah pathogenesisofsarscov2andmycobacteriumtuberculosiscoinfection AT nafeesayasmeen pathogenesisofsarscov2andmycobacteriumtuberculosiscoinfection AT zulqarnainbaloch pathogenesisofsarscov2andmycobacteriumtuberculosiscoinfection AT xueshanxia pathogenesisofsarscov2andmycobacteriumtuberculosiscoinfection |