Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro
Abstract Background Chondrotoxic effects of local anaesthetics are well reported in humans and some animal species but knowledge on their toxic effects on synoviocytes or equine chondrocytes or the effects on cellular production of inflammatory cytokines is limited. The purpose of this study was to...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Veterinary Research |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12917-017-1244-8 |
| _version_ | 1811241383016529920 |
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| author | L. M. Rubio-Martínez E. Rioja M. Castro Martins S. Wipawee P. Clegg M. J. Peffers |
| author_facet | L. M. Rubio-Martínez E. Rioja M. Castro Martins S. Wipawee P. Clegg M. J. Peffers |
| author_sort | L. M. Rubio-Martínez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Chondrotoxic effects of local anaesthetics are well reported in humans and some animal species but knowledge on their toxic effects on synoviocytes or equine chondrocytes or the effects on cellular production of inflammatory cytokines is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of local anaesthetics, morphine, magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) or their combinations on cell viability and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression of equine synoviocytes and chondrocytes. Equine synoviocytes and cartilage explants harvested from normal joints in a co-culture system were exposed to mepivacaine (4.4 mg/ml), bupivacaine (2.2 mg/ml), morphine (2.85 mg/ml) and MgSO4 (37 mg/ml) alone or each local anaesthetic plus morphine or MgSO4 or both together. Chondrocyte and synoviocyte cell viability was assessed by CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay. Synoviocyte gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α was measured and compared using the ∆∆CT method. Results Morphine alone, MgSO4 alone or their combination did not alter cell viability or the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α. However, local anaesthetics alone or in combination with morphine and/or MgSO4 reduced cell viability and increased the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α. Single short exposure to local anaesthetics is toxic to both chondrocytes and synoviocytes and their combination with morphine and/or MgSO4 enhanced the cytotoxic effects. Conclusions This in vitro study gives further evidence of the absence of cytotoxic effects of morphine alone, MgSO4 alone or their combination on normal articular tissues. However, local anaesthetics alone or in combination with morphine and/or MgSO4 have cytotoxic effects on equine articular tissues. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:35:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-45c3a2eee33c4a5eb665c25422130d37 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:35:22Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-45c3a2eee33c4a5eb665c25422130d372022-12-22T03:31:01ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482017-11-011311810.1186/s12917-017-1244-8Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitroL. M. Rubio-Martínez0E. Rioja1M. Castro Martins2S. Wipawee3P. Clegg4M. J. Peffers5Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst CampusInstitute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst CampusInstitute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst CampusFaculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya (Thailand) and Institute of Aging and Chronic Disease, University of LiverpoolInstitute of Aging and Chronic Disease, University of LiverpoolInstitute of Aging and Chronic Disease, University of LiverpoolAbstract Background Chondrotoxic effects of local anaesthetics are well reported in humans and some animal species but knowledge on their toxic effects on synoviocytes or equine chondrocytes or the effects on cellular production of inflammatory cytokines is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of local anaesthetics, morphine, magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) or their combinations on cell viability and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression of equine synoviocytes and chondrocytes. Equine synoviocytes and cartilage explants harvested from normal joints in a co-culture system were exposed to mepivacaine (4.4 mg/ml), bupivacaine (2.2 mg/ml), morphine (2.85 mg/ml) and MgSO4 (37 mg/ml) alone or each local anaesthetic plus morphine or MgSO4 or both together. Chondrocyte and synoviocyte cell viability was assessed by CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay. Synoviocyte gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α was measured and compared using the ∆∆CT method. Results Morphine alone, MgSO4 alone or their combination did not alter cell viability or the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α. However, local anaesthetics alone or in combination with morphine and/or MgSO4 reduced cell viability and increased the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α. Single short exposure to local anaesthetics is toxic to both chondrocytes and synoviocytes and their combination with morphine and/or MgSO4 enhanced the cytotoxic effects. Conclusions This in vitro study gives further evidence of the absence of cytotoxic effects of morphine alone, MgSO4 alone or their combination on normal articular tissues. However, local anaesthetics alone or in combination with morphine and/or MgSO4 have cytotoxic effects on equine articular tissues.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12917-017-1244-8Local anaestheticMorphineMagnesium sulphateChondrocyteSynoviocyteEquine |
| spellingShingle | L. M. Rubio-Martínez E. Rioja M. Castro Martins S. Wipawee P. Clegg M. J. Peffers Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro BMC Veterinary Research Local anaesthetic Morphine Magnesium sulphate Chondrocyte Synoviocyte Equine |
| title | Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro |
| title_full | Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro |
| title_fullStr | Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro |
| title_short | Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro |
| title_sort | local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro |
| topic | Local anaesthetic Morphine Magnesium sulphate Chondrocyte Synoviocyte Equine |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12917-017-1244-8 |
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