Multivariate Analysis of Essential Oil Composition of <i>Artemisia annua</i> L. Collected from Different Locations in Korea
<i>Artemisia annua</i> L. is distributed throughout the world and it is an important medicinal plant in Korea to treat various human diseases. Recently, <i>A. annua</i> has also been considered to be an effective ethnobotanical drug against COVID-19. <i>A. annua</i&g...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/3/1131 |
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| author | Minji Hong Minju Kim Haejung Jang Sela Bo Ponnuvel Deepa Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan Songmun Kim |
| author_facet | Minji Hong Minju Kim Haejung Jang Sela Bo Ponnuvel Deepa Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan Songmun Kim |
| author_sort | Minji Hong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Artemisia annua</i> L. is distributed throughout the world and it is an important medicinal plant in Korea to treat various human diseases. Recently, <i>A. annua</i> has also been considered to be an effective ethnobotanical drug against COVID-19. <i>A. annua</i> contains an appreciable amount of essential oil with different biological properties. However, the composition of essential oils in aromatic plants can be varied depending on several factors, including geographic, genetic, ecological, etc. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the chemical diversity of essential oils of Korean <i>A. annua</i> collected from different locations in Korea by multivariate analysis. For this purpose, the seeds of <i>A. annua</i> were collected from 112 different locations in Korea and were grown under the same environmental conditions. Except for nine individuals which decayed during the cultivation, essential oils were isolated from the aerial parts of 103 <i>A. annua</i> individuals (AEOs) using the steam distillation extraction method, and their chemical compositions were determined by GC-MS analysis. Furthermore, a multivariate analysis was performed to distinguish the difference between 103 individuals of <i>A. annua</i> based on their essential oil compositions. The yield of <i>A. annua</i> essential oils ranged from 0.04 to 1.09% (<i>v</i>/<i>w</i>). Based on the GC-MS data, <i>A. annua</i> individuals were grouped into six chemotypes such as artemisia ketone, camphor, β-cubebene, eucalyptol, α-pinene, and β-selinene. The multivariate analysis results revealed that Korean <i>A. annua</i> could be largely grouped into three clusters such as artemisia ketone, eucalyptol, and β-selinene. Among 35 components selected for principal component analysis (PCA), PC1, PC2, and PC3 accounted for 82.55%, 8.74%, and 3.62%, respectively. Although all individuals of <i>A. annua</i> were cultivated under the same environmental conditions, there is an intraspecific chemical diversity that exists within Korean native species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:33:14Z |
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| id | doaj.art-45c9e9c0ff104258b466edfe1a934403 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:33:14Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-45c9e9c0ff104258b466edfe1a9344032023-11-16T17:28:04ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-01283113110.3390/molecules28031131Multivariate Analysis of Essential Oil Composition of <i>Artemisia annua</i> L. Collected from Different Locations in KoreaMinji Hong0Minju Kim1Haejung Jang2Sela Bo3Ponnuvel Deepa4Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan5Songmun Kim6School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of KoreaSchool of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of KoreaSchool of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of KoreaSchool of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of KoreaSchool of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Botany, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore 641029, Tamil Nadu, IndiaSchool of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea<i>Artemisia annua</i> L. is distributed throughout the world and it is an important medicinal plant in Korea to treat various human diseases. Recently, <i>A. annua</i> has also been considered to be an effective ethnobotanical drug against COVID-19. <i>A. annua</i> contains an appreciable amount of essential oil with different biological properties. However, the composition of essential oils in aromatic plants can be varied depending on several factors, including geographic, genetic, ecological, etc. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the chemical diversity of essential oils of Korean <i>A. annua</i> collected from different locations in Korea by multivariate analysis. For this purpose, the seeds of <i>A. annua</i> were collected from 112 different locations in Korea and were grown under the same environmental conditions. Except for nine individuals which decayed during the cultivation, essential oils were isolated from the aerial parts of 103 <i>A. annua</i> individuals (AEOs) using the steam distillation extraction method, and their chemical compositions were determined by GC-MS analysis. Furthermore, a multivariate analysis was performed to distinguish the difference between 103 individuals of <i>A. annua</i> based on their essential oil compositions. The yield of <i>A. annua</i> essential oils ranged from 0.04 to 1.09% (<i>v</i>/<i>w</i>). Based on the GC-MS data, <i>A. annua</i> individuals were grouped into six chemotypes such as artemisia ketone, camphor, β-cubebene, eucalyptol, α-pinene, and β-selinene. The multivariate analysis results revealed that Korean <i>A. annua</i> could be largely grouped into three clusters such as artemisia ketone, eucalyptol, and β-selinene. Among 35 components selected for principal component analysis (PCA), PC1, PC2, and PC3 accounted for 82.55%, 8.74%, and 3.62%, respectively. Although all individuals of <i>A. annua</i> were cultivated under the same environmental conditions, there is an intraspecific chemical diversity that exists within Korean native species.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/3/1131<i>Artemisia annua</i>chemotypeessential oilGae-ddong-ssukmultivariate analysis |
| spellingShingle | Minji Hong Minju Kim Haejung Jang Sela Bo Ponnuvel Deepa Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan Songmun Kim Multivariate Analysis of Essential Oil Composition of <i>Artemisia annua</i> L. Collected from Different Locations in Korea Molecules <i>Artemisia annua</i> chemotype essential oil Gae-ddong-ssuk multivariate analysis |
| title | Multivariate Analysis of Essential Oil Composition of <i>Artemisia annua</i> L. Collected from Different Locations in Korea |
| title_full | Multivariate Analysis of Essential Oil Composition of <i>Artemisia annua</i> L. Collected from Different Locations in Korea |
| title_fullStr | Multivariate Analysis of Essential Oil Composition of <i>Artemisia annua</i> L. Collected from Different Locations in Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multivariate Analysis of Essential Oil Composition of <i>Artemisia annua</i> L. Collected from Different Locations in Korea |
| title_short | Multivariate Analysis of Essential Oil Composition of <i>Artemisia annua</i> L. Collected from Different Locations in Korea |
| title_sort | multivariate analysis of essential oil composition of i artemisia annua i l collected from different locations in korea |
| topic | <i>Artemisia annua</i> chemotype essential oil Gae-ddong-ssuk multivariate analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/3/1131 |
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