The Gavkhouni Wetland Dryness and Its Impact on Air Temperature Variability in the Eastern Part of the Zayandeh-Rud River Basin, Iran
The Gavkhouni wetland provides many environmental and economic benefits for the central region of Iran. In recent decades, it has completely dried up several times with substantial impacts on local ecosystems and climate. Remote sensing-based Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Wat...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/2/172 |
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| author | Sara Azadi Hojat Yazdanpanah Mohammad Ali Nasr-Esfahani Saeid Pourmanafi Wouter Dorigo |
| author_facet | Sara Azadi Hojat Yazdanpanah Mohammad Ali Nasr-Esfahani Saeid Pourmanafi Wouter Dorigo |
| author_sort | Sara Azadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Gavkhouni wetland provides many environmental and economic benefits for the central region of Iran. In recent decades, it has completely dried up several times with substantial impacts on local ecosystems and climate. Remote sensing-based Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in combination with in-situ data were used to investigate the trend of the Gavkhouni wetland dryness and the associated impact on the variability of local air temperature. The results indicate that the wetland has increasingly experienced drier conditions since the year 2000. The wetland was almost completely dry in 2009, 2011, 2015 and 2017. In addition, the results show that Gavkhouni wetland dryness has a significant impact on local climate, increasing the mean seasonal air temperature by ~1.6 °C and ~1 °C in spring and summer, respectively. Overall, this study shows that remote sensing imagery is a valuable source for monitoring dryness and air temperature variations in the region. Moreover, the results provide a basis for effective water allocation decisions to maintain the hydrological and ecological functionality of the Gavkhouni wetland. Considering that many factors such as latitude, cloud cover, and the direction of prevailing winds affect land surface and air temperatures, it is suggested to use a numerical climate model to improve a regional understanding of the effects of wetland dryness on the surrounding climate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:19:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-45d1847ac4b84339a8c5bf27ff268522 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:19:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-45d1847ac4b84339a8c5bf27ff2685222023-11-23T15:44:00ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-01-0114217210.3390/w14020172The Gavkhouni Wetland Dryness and Its Impact on Air Temperature Variability in the Eastern Part of the Zayandeh-Rud River Basin, IranSara Azadi0Hojat Yazdanpanah1Mohammad Ali Nasr-Esfahani2Saeid Pourmanafi3Wouter Dorigo4Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, IranDepartment of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, IranDepartment of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord 8818634141, IranDepartment of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, IranDepartment of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8–10, 1040 Vienna, AustriaThe Gavkhouni wetland provides many environmental and economic benefits for the central region of Iran. In recent decades, it has completely dried up several times with substantial impacts on local ecosystems and climate. Remote sensing-based Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in combination with in-situ data were used to investigate the trend of the Gavkhouni wetland dryness and the associated impact on the variability of local air temperature. The results indicate that the wetland has increasingly experienced drier conditions since the year 2000. The wetland was almost completely dry in 2009, 2011, 2015 and 2017. In addition, the results show that Gavkhouni wetland dryness has a significant impact on local climate, increasing the mean seasonal air temperature by ~1.6 °C and ~1 °C in spring and summer, respectively. Overall, this study shows that remote sensing imagery is a valuable source for monitoring dryness and air temperature variations in the region. Moreover, the results provide a basis for effective water allocation decisions to maintain the hydrological and ecological functionality of the Gavkhouni wetland. Considering that many factors such as latitude, cloud cover, and the direction of prevailing winds affect land surface and air temperatures, it is suggested to use a numerical climate model to improve a regional understanding of the effects of wetland dryness on the surrounding climate.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/2/172remote sensingtrendland surface temperature (LST)NDWINDVIlocal climate |
| spellingShingle | Sara Azadi Hojat Yazdanpanah Mohammad Ali Nasr-Esfahani Saeid Pourmanafi Wouter Dorigo The Gavkhouni Wetland Dryness and Its Impact on Air Temperature Variability in the Eastern Part of the Zayandeh-Rud River Basin, Iran Water remote sensing trend land surface temperature (LST) NDWI NDVI local climate |
| title | The Gavkhouni Wetland Dryness and Its Impact on Air Temperature Variability in the Eastern Part of the Zayandeh-Rud River Basin, Iran |
| title_full | The Gavkhouni Wetland Dryness and Its Impact on Air Temperature Variability in the Eastern Part of the Zayandeh-Rud River Basin, Iran |
| title_fullStr | The Gavkhouni Wetland Dryness and Its Impact on Air Temperature Variability in the Eastern Part of the Zayandeh-Rud River Basin, Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Gavkhouni Wetland Dryness and Its Impact on Air Temperature Variability in the Eastern Part of the Zayandeh-Rud River Basin, Iran |
| title_short | The Gavkhouni Wetland Dryness and Its Impact on Air Temperature Variability in the Eastern Part of the Zayandeh-Rud River Basin, Iran |
| title_sort | gavkhouni wetland dryness and its impact on air temperature variability in the eastern part of the zayandeh rud river basin iran |
| topic | remote sensing trend land surface temperature (LST) NDWI NDVI local climate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/2/172 |
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