<i>Acanthopharynx</i> Marine Nematodes (Nematoda, Chromadoria, Desmodoridae) Dwelling in Tropical Demosponges: Integrative Taxonomy with Description of a New Species
In the exploration of the meiofauna associated with sponges and corals in the shallows of Cuba, we investigated nine species of sponges (Demospongia), wherein 26 nematode species were revealed. Most nematode specimens (50–95% of all individuals) in all sponge samples belonged to the family Desmodori...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/1/48 |
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| author | Alexei Tchesunov Patricia Rodríguez García Ulyana Simakova Vadim Mokievsky |
| author_facet | Alexei Tchesunov Patricia Rodríguez García Ulyana Simakova Vadim Mokievsky |
| author_sort | Alexei Tchesunov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the exploration of the meiofauna associated with sponges and corals in the shallows of Cuba, we investigated nine species of sponges (Demospongia), wherein 26 nematode species were revealed. Most nematode specimens (50–95% of all individuals) in all sponge samples belonged to the family Desmodoridae (order Desmodorida), followed by the family Chromadoridae (order Chromadorida). A major part of Desmodoridae is constituted by the genus <i>Acanthopharynx</i>. A statistical morphometric analysis (principal component analysis and multidimensional scaling with testing via analysis of similarities) revealed two close cohorts that differed in size and pharynx shape. Molecular genetic analyses (COI, 18S, and 28S) also distinguished two groups of specimens that corresponded to morphometric cohorts. Based on the morphometry and molecular genetics, the larger-sized group was defined as <i>Acanthopharynx micans</i> (Eberth, 1873), while the smaller-sized group was considered <i>A. parva</i> sp. n. In light of the taxonomic review of the <i>Acanthopharynx</i>, emended generic diagnosis, and the annotated list of ten valid species, <i>A. parva</i> sp. n. differed from other <i>Acanthopharynx</i> species by its peculiar shape of the pharynx (gradually widened to cardia), smaller body size, and pattern of precloacal organs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:01:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-45efafc76055477c8245cb776722a8b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:01:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| series | Diversity |
| spelling | doaj.art-45efafc76055477c8245cb776722a8b02023-11-30T21:53:15ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182023-01-011514810.3390/d15010048<i>Acanthopharynx</i> Marine Nematodes (Nematoda, Chromadoria, Desmodoridae) Dwelling in Tropical Demosponges: Integrative Taxonomy with Description of a New SpeciesAlexei Tchesunov0Patricia Rodríguez García1Ulyana Simakova2Vadim Mokievsky3Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, RussiaCentro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana 11300, CubaCoastal Ecology Laboratory, Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS, 117997 Moscow, RussiaCoastal Ecology Laboratory, Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS, 117997 Moscow, RussiaIn the exploration of the meiofauna associated with sponges and corals in the shallows of Cuba, we investigated nine species of sponges (Demospongia), wherein 26 nematode species were revealed. Most nematode specimens (50–95% of all individuals) in all sponge samples belonged to the family Desmodoridae (order Desmodorida), followed by the family Chromadoridae (order Chromadorida). A major part of Desmodoridae is constituted by the genus <i>Acanthopharynx</i>. A statistical morphometric analysis (principal component analysis and multidimensional scaling with testing via analysis of similarities) revealed two close cohorts that differed in size and pharynx shape. Molecular genetic analyses (COI, 18S, and 28S) also distinguished two groups of specimens that corresponded to morphometric cohorts. Based on the morphometry and molecular genetics, the larger-sized group was defined as <i>Acanthopharynx micans</i> (Eberth, 1873), while the smaller-sized group was considered <i>A. parva</i> sp. n. In light of the taxonomic review of the <i>Acanthopharynx</i>, emended generic diagnosis, and the annotated list of ten valid species, <i>A. parva</i> sp. n. differed from other <i>Acanthopharynx</i> species by its peculiar shape of the pharynx (gradually widened to cardia), smaller body size, and pattern of precloacal organs.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/1/48free-living marine nematodesmorphometrical analysismolecular geneticstaxonomy |
| spellingShingle | Alexei Tchesunov Patricia Rodríguez García Ulyana Simakova Vadim Mokievsky <i>Acanthopharynx</i> Marine Nematodes (Nematoda, Chromadoria, Desmodoridae) Dwelling in Tropical Demosponges: Integrative Taxonomy with Description of a New Species Diversity free-living marine nematodes morphometrical analysis molecular genetics taxonomy |
| title | <i>Acanthopharynx</i> Marine Nematodes (Nematoda, Chromadoria, Desmodoridae) Dwelling in Tropical Demosponges: Integrative Taxonomy with Description of a New Species |
| title_full | <i>Acanthopharynx</i> Marine Nematodes (Nematoda, Chromadoria, Desmodoridae) Dwelling in Tropical Demosponges: Integrative Taxonomy with Description of a New Species |
| title_fullStr | <i>Acanthopharynx</i> Marine Nematodes (Nematoda, Chromadoria, Desmodoridae) Dwelling in Tropical Demosponges: Integrative Taxonomy with Description of a New Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Acanthopharynx</i> Marine Nematodes (Nematoda, Chromadoria, Desmodoridae) Dwelling in Tropical Demosponges: Integrative Taxonomy with Description of a New Species |
| title_short | <i>Acanthopharynx</i> Marine Nematodes (Nematoda, Chromadoria, Desmodoridae) Dwelling in Tropical Demosponges: Integrative Taxonomy with Description of a New Species |
| title_sort | i acanthopharynx i marine nematodes nematoda chromadoria desmodoridae dwelling in tropical demosponges integrative taxonomy with description of a new species |
| topic | free-living marine nematodes morphometrical analysis molecular genetics taxonomy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/1/48 |
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