Individual differences could explain the failure in transitive inference formation in pigeons using probabilistic reinforcement
In propositional logic, it is stated that “for if A is predicated for every B, and B for every C, A must necessarily be predicated of every C”. Following a similar logical process, it can be said that If A > B and B > C, then A > C, this is called transitive inference (TI). Piag...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1033583/full |
| _version_ | 1797951438162231296 |
|---|---|
| author | Héctor Octavio Camarena Oscar García-Leal Zayra Saldaña-Hernández Erick Barrón |
| author_facet | Héctor Octavio Camarena Oscar García-Leal Zayra Saldaña-Hernández Erick Barrón |
| author_sort | Héctor Octavio Camarena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In propositional logic, it is stated that “for if A is predicated for every B, and B for every C, A must necessarily be predicated of every C”. Following a similar logical process, it can be said that If A > B and B > C, then A > C, this is called transitive inference (TI). Piaget developed a verbal task to evaluate TI in children. Subsequent studies adapted this task for animals using a conditioned discrimination between five-terms sequence of stimuli A + B-, B + C-, C + D-, and D + E-. If subjects prefer B over D during test, it is assumed that TI has occurred. In this experiment, we analyzed the effects of task complexity on TI by using a five-terms sequence of stimuli associated with probabilistic outcomes during training, in pigeons. Thus, both stimuli are reinforced in each pair but with different probability, 0.8 for + stimulus and 0.2 for the—stimulus. We found that performance during C + D- pair is impaired and preference in the test pair BD is affected. However, this impairment is dependent on individual differences in performance in C + D- pair. We compare our findings with previous research and conclude that Pavlovian mechanisms, as well as ordering of stimuli, can account for our findings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T22:30:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4608b7c36b98405d83863c6254123494 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T22:30:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4608b7c36b98405d83863c62541234942023-01-17T05:14:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782023-01-011310.3389/fpsyg.2022.10335831033583Individual differences could explain the failure in transitive inference formation in pigeons using probabilistic reinforcementHéctor Octavio Camarena0Oscar García-Leal1Zayra Saldaña-Hernández2Erick Barrón3Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, MexicoDepartment of Environmental Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, MexicoDepartment of Environmental Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, MexicoBasic Psychology Department, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, MexicoIn propositional logic, it is stated that “for if A is predicated for every B, and B for every C, A must necessarily be predicated of every C”. Following a similar logical process, it can be said that If A > B and B > C, then A > C, this is called transitive inference (TI). Piaget developed a verbal task to evaluate TI in children. Subsequent studies adapted this task for animals using a conditioned discrimination between five-terms sequence of stimuli A + B-, B + C-, C + D-, and D + E-. If subjects prefer B over D during test, it is assumed that TI has occurred. In this experiment, we analyzed the effects of task complexity on TI by using a five-terms sequence of stimuli associated with probabilistic outcomes during training, in pigeons. Thus, both stimuli are reinforced in each pair but with different probability, 0.8 for + stimulus and 0.2 for the—stimulus. We found that performance during C + D- pair is impaired and preference in the test pair BD is affected. However, this impairment is dependent on individual differences in performance in C + D- pair. We compare our findings with previous research and conclude that Pavlovian mechanisms, as well as ordering of stimuli, can account for our findings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1033583/fullPavlovian mechanismsreasoning processprobabilistic reinforcementtransitive inferencetask complexity |
| spellingShingle | Héctor Octavio Camarena Oscar García-Leal Zayra Saldaña-Hernández Erick Barrón Individual differences could explain the failure in transitive inference formation in pigeons using probabilistic reinforcement Frontiers in Psychology Pavlovian mechanisms reasoning process probabilistic reinforcement transitive inference task complexity |
| title | Individual differences could explain the failure in transitive inference formation in pigeons using probabilistic reinforcement |
| title_full | Individual differences could explain the failure in transitive inference formation in pigeons using probabilistic reinforcement |
| title_fullStr | Individual differences could explain the failure in transitive inference formation in pigeons using probabilistic reinforcement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Individual differences could explain the failure in transitive inference formation in pigeons using probabilistic reinforcement |
| title_short | Individual differences could explain the failure in transitive inference formation in pigeons using probabilistic reinforcement |
| title_sort | individual differences could explain the failure in transitive inference formation in pigeons using probabilistic reinforcement |
| topic | Pavlovian mechanisms reasoning process probabilistic reinforcement transitive inference task complexity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1033583/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hectoroctaviocamarena individualdifferencescouldexplainthefailureintransitiveinferenceformationinpigeonsusingprobabilisticreinforcement AT oscargarcialeal individualdifferencescouldexplainthefailureintransitiveinferenceformationinpigeonsusingprobabilisticreinforcement AT zayrasaldanahernandez individualdifferencescouldexplainthefailureintransitiveinferenceformationinpigeonsusingprobabilisticreinforcement AT erickbarron individualdifferencescouldexplainthefailureintransitiveinferenceformationinpigeonsusingprobabilisticreinforcement |